Maximizing the translational potential of neurophysiology in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a study on compound muscle action potentials.

Mouse models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) enable testing of novel therapeutic interventions. However, treatments that have extended survival in mice have often failed to translate into human benefit in clinical trials. Compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) are a simple neurophysiological test that measures the summation of muscle fiber depolarization in response to maximal stimulation of the innervating nerve.

Subacromial Distal Clavicle Dislocation with Associated Scapular Spine Fracture: A Case Report.

Introduction: Inferior or subacromial dislocation of the distal clavicle is a rare entity. Previous reports of this injury pattern have largely been limited to Rockwood VI acromioclavicular joint (AC) dislocations, with the distal clavicle located in the subcoracoid position. Few case reports have been described with the inferior clavicle being located in the subacromial space, and these have all been previously associated with clavicle fractures.

In Vivo Raman Spectroscopy of Muscle Is Highly Sensitive for Detection of Healthy Muscle and Highly Specific for Detection of Disease.

Raman spectroscopy of muscle provides a molecular fingerprint to identify the disease. Previous work has demonstrated effectiveness in differentiating between two groups of equal sizes (e.g.

Mass spectrometry imaging of SOD1 protein-metal complexes in SOD1G93A transgenic mice implicates demetalation with pathology.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by degeneration of motor neurons in the central nervous system (CNS). Mutations in the metalloenzyme SOD1 are associated with inherited forms of ALS and cause a toxic gain of function thought to be mediated by dimer destabilization and misfolding. SOD1 binds two Cu and two Zn ions in its homodimeric form.

In vitro cytotoxicity of six per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in human immune cell lines.

Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of persistent long-lived chemicals with global environmental contamination. The published literature is rife with confusing and sometimes contradictory effects of PFAS on animal and cell models, as well as epidemiological studies. Cytotoxicity studies are often used as an early indicator to guide safety requirements, regulation, and further studies and thus can be useful to understand important toxicity differences by various PFAS.