Influencers and preference predictors of HPV vaccine uptake among US male and female young adult college students.

Objective: The purpose of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of male and female college students in Kentucky about HPV associated diseases and vaccines, and to determine which parameters predicted self-reported uptake of HPV vaccination.

Materials And Methods: A self-selected cross-sectional sample of college students completed an evidence-based online survey.

Results: Of approximately 1200 potential respondents, 585 completed the survey.

The impact of maternal adiposity specialization on infant birthweight: upper versus lower body fat.

Background: The specialization of human fat deposits is an inquiry of special importance in the study of fetal growth. It has been theorized that maternal lower-body fat is designated specifically for lactation and not for the growth of the fetus.

Objective: Our goal was to compare the contributions of maternal upper-body versus lower-body adiposity to infant birth weight.

Spiroindolines identify the vesicular acetylcholine transporter as a novel target for insecticide action.

The efficacy of all major insecticide classes continues to be eroded by the development of resistance mediated, in part, by selection of alleles encoding insecticide insensitive target proteins. The discovery of new insecticide classes acting at novel protein binding sites is therefore important for the continued protection of the food supply from insect predators, and of human and animal health from insect borne disease. Here we describe a novel class of insecticides (Spiroindolines) encompassing molecules that combine excellent activity against major agricultural pest species with low mammalian toxicity.

A new class of anthelmintics effective against drug-resistant nematodes.

Anthelmintic resistance in human and animal pathogenic helminths has been spreading in prevalence and severity to a point where multidrug resistance against the three major classes of anthelmintics--the benzimidazoles, imidazothiazoles and macrocyclic lactones--has become a global phenomenon in gastrointestinal nematodes of farm animals. Hence, there is an urgent need for an anthelmintic with a new mode of action. Here we report the discovery of the amino-acetonitrile derivatives (AADs) as a new chemical class of synthetic anthelmintics and describe the development of drug candidates that are efficacious against various species of livestock-pathogenic nematodes.

Routine vaccines across the life span, 2007.

Routine vaccines are listed on the Recommended Childhood and Adolescent Immunization Schedule and the Recommended Adult Immunization Schedule published by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and reviewed and updated by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. For these vaccines, we discuss the disease burden, rationale for vaccination, efficacy, adverse reactions, and recommendations. Some new vaccines are discussed here (Tdap and zoster), whereas others (rotavirus and human papillomavirus) are discussed elsewhere in the supplement.