Hotspots of Dissolved Arsenic Generated from Buried Silt Layers along Fluctuating Rivers.

Previous studies along the banks of the tidal Meghna River of the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna Delta demonstrated the active sequestration of dissolved arsenic (As) on newly formed iron oxide minerals (Fe(III)-oxides) within riverbank sands. The sand with high solid-phase As (>500 mg/kg) was located within the intertidal zone where robust mixing occurs with oxygen-rich river water. Here we present new evidence that upwelling groundwater through a buried silt layer generates the dissolved products of reductive dissolution of Fe(III)-oxides, including As, while mobilization of DOC by upwelling groundwater prevents their reconstitution in the intertidal zone by lowering the redox state.

Investigation of Lung Cancer Cell Response to Cryoablation and Adjunctive Gemcitabine-Based Cryo-Chemotherapy Using the A549 Cell Line.

Due to the rising annual incidence of lung cancer (LC), new treatment strategies are needed. While various options exist, many, if not all, remain suboptimal. Several studies have shown cryoablation to be a promising approach.

The Assessment of a Novel Endoscopic Ultrasound-Compatible Cryocatheter to Ablate Pancreatic Cancer.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal disease that may be treated utilizing thermal therapies. Cryoablation is an effective, minimally invasive therapy that has been utilized for the treatment of various cancers, offering patients a quicker recovery and reduced side effects. Cryoablation has been utilized on a limited basis for the treatment of PDAC.

Evaluation of a New Cystoscopic Cryocatheter and Method for the Destruction of Bladder Cancer: Preliminary Study.

To assess the ability to deliver full-thickness bladder wall cryoablation through a cystoscopic approach using a new closed-loop 6F cryocatheter and thermal dose-controlled protocol. Evaluations were conducted using a chronic porcine model wherein 10 lesions/animal were created throughout the bladder (bladder wall, trigone region, ureteral orifice, and distal ureter). A 6F cryocatheter was passed through the working channel of a flexible cystoscope.

A Low-Cost Programmable Reversing Flow Column Apparatus for Investigating Mixing Zones.

This note describes the development and testing of a novel, programmable reversing flow 1D (R1D) experimental column apparatus designed to investigate reaction, sorption, and transport of solutes in aquifers within dynamic reversing flow zones where waters with different chemistries mix. The motivation for constructing this apparatus was to understand the roles of mixing and reaction on arsenic discharging through a tidally fluctuating riverbank. The apparatus can simulate complex transient flux schedules similar to natural flow regimes The apparatus uses an Arduino microcontroller to control flux magnitude through two peristaltic pumps.