Cryopreservation Method for Preventing Freeze-Fracture of Small Muscle Samples.

Histological techniques to study muscle are crucial for assessing skeletal muscle health. To preserve tissue morphology, samples are usually fixed in formaldehyde or cryopreserved immediately after excision from the body. Freezing samples in liquid nitrogen, using isopentane as a mediator for efficient cooling, preserves the tissue in its natural state.

The Cost-Effectiveness of CDK4/6 Inhibitors in Treating HR+/HER2- Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients in the USA: When Non-medication Expenses are Considered.

Background And Objective: Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)4/6 inhibitors in combination with endocrine therapy (ET) significantly enhance progression-free survival and overall survival in patients diagnosed with HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer (MBC). However, they are highly expensive, and their economic impact has not been fully evaluated. This is a retrospective secondary analysis evaluating the cost effectiveness of these drugs, differentiating between medication-related and non-medication costs from a healthcare perspective.

Treatment of Acne With a 1726 nm Laser, Air Cooling, and Real-Time Temperature Monitoring, Software-Assisted Power Adjustment to Achieve a Temperature Endpoint With Selective Sebaceous Gland Photothermolysis.

Objectives: This work highlights the methods used to develop a multi-pulse 1726 nm laser system combined with bulk air-cooling for selective sebaceous gland (SG) photothermolysis using thermal imaging and software algorithms. This approach enables treating to a desired tissue temperature and depth to provide a safe, effective, reproducible, and durable treatment of acne.

Methods: We designed and built a 1726 nm laser system with a 40 W maximum power output, a highly controlled air-cooling device, and a thermal camera in the handpiece, which permits real-time temperature monitoring of the epidermis.