Publications by authors named "R Chiarelli"
Autophagy, a vital cell process, has garnered attention for its role in various diseases and potential therapeutic interventions. Dysregulation of autophagy contributes to conditions such as metabolic diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer. In diseases such as diabetes, autophagy plays a crucial role in islet β-cell maintenance and glucose homeostasis, offering potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExogenous DNA damage represents one of the most harmful outcomes produced by environmental, physical, or chemical agents. Here, a comparative analysis of DNA fragmentation was carried out on sea urchin embryos exposed to four common pollutants of the marine environment: vanadium, cadmium, gadolinium and selenium. Using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, fragmented DNA was quantified and localized in apoptotic cells mapping whole-mount embryos.
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- The global vanadium industry has been growing, leading to more vanadium compounds entering marine environments and becoming emerging pollutants.
- Researchers investigated how vanadium (V) and rising ocean temperatures affect sea urchin embryos, uncovering that exposure to both increased malformations, hindered skeleton growth, and triggered stress responses and cell death.
- The study found that rising temperatures enhance the toxicity of vanadium by increasing its accumulation in embryos and reducing essential calcium ions, emphasizing the need for more research on the effects of multiple environmental stressors.
Neurological disorders, including multiple sclerosis (MS) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), may be associated with alterations in blood cell composition and phenotype. Here, we focused our attention on circulating mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, a CD8 T cell memory population expressing the invariant Vα7.2 region in the T cell receptor and high surface levels of the CD161 marker.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological disorder characterized by immune dysregulation. It begins with a first clinical manifestation, a clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), which evolves to definite MS in case of further clinical and/or neuroradiological episodes. Here we evaluated the diagnostic value of transcriptional alterations in MS and CIS blood by machine learning (ML).
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