Sacral neuromodulation for constipation and fecal incontinence in children and adolescents - study protocol of a prospective, randomized trial on the application of invasive vs. non-invasive technique.

Background: A therapeutic effect of sacral neuromodulation (SNM) on fecal incontinence (FI) and quality of life has been proven in adults. SNM is, however, rarely used in pediatric cases. The aim of the study is to investigate effects of SNM in pediatric constipation in a prospective parallel-group trial.

A comparative observational study on intrasphincteric injections with Botulinum toxin vs. enteral neuromodulation in chronic refractory constipation.

Purpose: Botulinum toxin injections in the anal sphincter apparatus (Botox) and enteral neuromodulation (ENM) are options for treatment of refractory chronic constipation. We present a retrospective comparative observational study.

Patients And Methods: From 2014 to 2022, pediatric patients with chronic constipation were either treated with Botox or ENM with continuation of conservative treatment.

Treatment of pediatric fistula-in-ano-Sphincter-sparing non-cutting seton placement as the future treatment of choice?

Background: Therapeutic principles of fistula-in-ano (FIA) are lacking evidence-based consensus on treatment options. Non-cutting, sphincter-sparing options have not been published for infancy and childhood FIA.

Patients And Methods: We are presenting retrospective data on FIA treatment with non-cutting seton placement between 2011 and 2020.

Monopolar and Bipolar Combination Injuries of the Clavicle: Retrospective Incidence Analysis and Proposal of a New Classification System.

Clavicle injuries are common, but only few case reports describe combined clavicular injuries (CCI). CCI include combinations between clavicular fractures and acromioclavicular/sternoclavicular joint dislocations (SCJD). We present the first general therapeutic recommendations for CCI based on a new classification and their distribution.