Response of a Human Lens Epithelial Cell Line to Hyperglycemic and Oxidative Stress: The Role of Aldose Reductase.

A common feature of different types of diabetes is the high blood glucose levels, which are known to induce a series of metabolic alterations, leading to damaging events in different tissues. Among these alterations, both increased polyol pathway flux and oxidative stress are considered to play relevant roles in the response of different cells. In this work, the effect on a human lens epithelial cell line of stress conditions, consisting of exposure to either high glucose levels or to the lipid peroxidation product 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, is reported.

Designed multiple ligands for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications: Discovery of (5-arylidene-4-oxo-2-thioxothiazolidin-3-yl)alkanoic acids active as novel dual-targeted PTP1B/AKR1B1 inhibitors.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a serious chronic disease with an alarmingly growing worldwide prevalence. Current treatment of T2DM mainly relies on drug combinations in order to control blood glucose levels and consequently prevent the onset of hyperglycaemia-related complications. The development of multiple-targeted drugs recently emerged as an attractive alternative to drug combinations for the treatment of complex diseases with multifactorial pathogenesis, such as T2DM.

Ribose Intake as Food Integrator: Is It a Really Convenient Practice?

Reports concerning the beneficial effects of D-ribose administration in cardiovascular and muscle stressful conditions has led to suggestions for the use of ribose as an energizing food supplement for healthy people. However, this practice still presents too many critical issues, suggesting that caution is needed. In fact, there are many possible negative effects of this sugar that we believe are underestimated, if not neglected, by the literature supporting the presentation of the product to the market.

Dissecting the Activity of Catechins as Incomplete Aldose Reductase Differential Inhibitors through Kinetic and Computational Approaches.

The inhibition of aldose reductase is considered as a strategy to counteract the onset of both diabetic complications, upon the block of glucose conversion in the polyol pathway, and inflammation, upon the block of 3-glutathionyl-4-hydroxynonenal reduction. To ameliorate the outcome of aldose reductase inhibition, minimizing the interference with the detoxifying role of the enzyme when acting on toxic aldehydes, "differential inhibitors", i.e.