bneR: A collaborative workflow for air pollution exposure modeling and uncertainty characterization using the Bayesian Nonparametric Ensemble.

Background: Air pollution is a major public health threat globally. Health studies, regulatory actions, and policy evaluations typically rely on air pollutant concentrations from single exposure models, assuming accurate estimations and ignoring related uncertainty. We developed a modeling framework, bneR, to apply the Bayesian Nonparametric Ensemble (BNE) prediction model that combines existing exposure models as inputs to provide air pollution estimates and their spatio-temporal uncertainty.

Design and early progress of the Comparison of Anticoagulation and anti-Platelet Therapies for Intracranial Vascular Atherostenosis (CAPTIVA) trial.

Background: The usual antithrombotic treatment for symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS) consists of dual treatment with clopidogrel and aspirin for 90 days followed by aspirin alone but the risk of recurrent stroke remains high up to 12 months. The Comparison of Anticoagulation and anti-Platelet Therapies for Intracranial Vascular Atherostenosis (CAPTIVA) trial was designed to determine whether other combinations of dual antithrombotic therapy are superior to clopidogrel and aspirin.

Methods: CAPTIVA is an ongoing, prospective, double-blinded, three-arm clinical trial at over 100 sites in the United States and Canada that will randomize 1683 high-risk subjects with a symptomatic infarct attributed to 70-99% stenosis of a major intracranial artery to 12 months of treatment with (1) ticagrelor (180 mg loading dose, then 90 mg twice daily), (2) low-dose rivaroxaban (2.

Detection of Circulating Tumor DNA in Liquid Biopsy: Current Techniques and Potential Applications in Melanoma.

The treatment landscape for advanced melanoma has transformed significantly with the advent of BRAF and MEK inhibitors (BRAF/MEKi) targeting V600 mutations, as well as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) like anti-PD-1 monotherapy or its combinations with anti-CTLA-4 or anti-LAG-3. Despite that, many patients still do not benefit from these treatments at all or develop resistance mechanisms. Therefore, prognostic and predictive biomarkers are needed to identify patients who should switch or escalate their treatment strategies or initiate an intensive follow-up.

Athletes' Knowledge of Pelvic Floor Dysfunction and Their Knowledge of and Engagement with Pelvic Floor Muscle Training: A Scoping Review.

Introduction: Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) is prevalent among athletes. Investigating whether athletes are practicing pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) will assist in delineating the factors underlying the burden of PFD in this population. Additionally, investigating athletes' knowledge of PFD and knowledge of and attitudes toward PFMT may inform interventions to improve the practice of PFMT.

A proteogenomic analysis of the adiposity colorectal cancer relationship identifies GREM1 as a probable mediator.

Background: Adiposity is an established risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC). The pathways underlying this relationship, and specifically the role of circulating proteins, are unclear.

Methods: Utilizing two-sample univariable Mendelian randomization (UVMR), multivariable Mendelian randomization (MVMR), and colocalization, based on summary data from large sex-combined and sex-specific genetic studies, we estimated the univariable associations between: (i) body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio (WHR) and overall and site-specific (colon, proximal colon, distal colon, and rectal) CRC risk, (ii) BMI and WHR and circulating proteins, and (iii) adiposity-associated circulating proteins and CRC risk.