East Asian summer monsoon delivers large abundances of very-short-lived organic chlorine substances to the lower stratosphere.

Deep convection in the Asian summer monsoon is a significant transport process for lifting pollutants from the planetary boundary layer to the tropopause level. This process enables efficient injection into the stratosphere of reactive species such as chlorinated very-short-lived substances (Cl-VSLSs) that deplete ozone. Past studies of convective transport associated with the Asian summer monsoon have focused mostly on the south Asian summer monsoon.

Pharmacy Students' Perceptions of Remote versus Face-to-Face Learning Experience.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a large shift from face-to-face (FTF) to remote learning. Evaluating students' perceptions of remote learning provides educators with opportunity to inform their instructional methods. This study sought to evaluate pharmacy students' self-perceived (1) confidence, (2) preparedness, (3) satisfaction, and (4) motivation following remote vs.

Naval Special Warfare (NSW) crewmen demonstrate diminished cervical strength and range of motion compared to NSW students.

Background: Cumulative effects of high-impact vertical forces, like those experienced on an open-ocean mission, could be an injury concern for the cervical spine.

Objective: Compare cervical range of motion (ROM) and strength measures between students and NSW Crewmen and secondarily to compare these measures between students and Crewmen separated into three groups based on years of service.

Methods: A volunteer sample of 186 students (age: 22.