Complexity in the Photofunctionalization of Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes with Hypochlorite.

The reaction of aqueous suspensions of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with UV-excited sodium hypochlorite has previously been reported to be an efficient route for doping nanotubes with oxygen atoms. We have investigated how this reaction system is affected by pH level, dissolved O content, and radical scavengers and traps. Products were characterized with near-IR fluorescence, Raman, and XPS spectroscopy.

A Review: Non-Contact and Full-Field Strain Mapping Methods for Experimental Mechanics and Structural Health Monitoring.

Non-contact and full-field strain mapping captures strain across an entire surface, providing a complete two-dimensional (2D) strain distribution without attachment to sensors. It is an essential technique with wide-ranging applications across various industries, significantly contributing to experimental mechanics and structural health monitoring. Although there have been reviews that focus on specific methods, such as interferometric techniques or carbon nanotube-based strain sensors, a comprehensive comparison that evaluates these diverse methods together is lacking.

Sequence-Dependent Surface Coverage of ssDNA Coatings on Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes.

A combination of experimental measurements and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations was used to investigate how the surfaces of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are covered by adsorbed ssDNA oligos with different base compositions and lengths. By analyzing the UV absorption spectra of ssDNA-coated SWCNTs before and after coating displacement by a transparent surfactant, the mass ratios of adsorbed ssDNA to SWCNTs were determined for poly-T, poly-C, GT-containing, and AT-containing ssDNA oligos. Based on the measured mass ratios, it is estimated that an average of 20, 22, 26, or 32 carbon atoms are covered by one adsorbed thymine, cytosine, adenine, or guanine nucleotide, respectively.

TORC2 is required for the accumulation of γH2A in response to DNA damage.

TOR protein kinases serve as the catalytic subunit of the TORC1 and TORC2 complexes, which regulate cellular growth, proliferation, and survival. In the fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, cells lacking TORC2 or its downstream kinase Gad8 (AKT or SGK1 in human cells) exhibit sensitivity to a wide range of stress conditions, including DNA damage stress. One of the first responses to DNA damage is the phosphorylation of C-terminal serine residues within histone H2AX in human cells (γH2AX), or histone H2A in yeast cells (γH2A).

It's getting hot in here: Effects of heat on temperature, disinfection, and opportunistic pathogens in drinking water distribution systems.

As global temperatures rise with climate change, the negative effects of heat on drinking water distribution systems (DWDS) are of increasing concern. High DWDS temperatures are associated with degradation of water quality through physical, chemical and microbial mechanisms. Perhaps the most pressing concern is proliferation of thermotolerant opportunistic pathogens (OPs) like Legionella pneumophila and Naegleria Fowleri.