Patterns of referral of retinal patients for low vision intervention in the anti-VEGF era.

Purpose: The goal of this study was to see how the availability of ranibizumab affected the referral patterns for low vision (LV) evaluation.

Methods: This study used a retrospective review and a comparison of all patients newly referred from retinal Practice 1 (J.T.

Repeat pelvic osteotomy in cloacal exstrophy: applications and outcomes.

Purpose: Pelvic osteotomies have been shown to enhance success rates for classic exstrophy patients when closed primarily or secondarily after initial failure. Primary closure of cloacal exstrophy also benefits from osteotomy but this has yet to be shown for re-closure of cloacal exstrophy failures. This study looks at the applications, complications, and long-term success rates in this very select group of patients.