Next generation sequencing of multiple SARS-CoV-2 infections in the Omicron Era.

Since the emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the need for an effective vaccine has appeared crucial for stimulating immune system responses to produce humoral/cellular immunity and activate immunological memory. It has been demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 variants escape neutralizing immunity elicited by previous infection and/or vaccination, leading to new infection waves and cases of reinfection. The study aims to gain into cases of reinfections, particularly infections and/or vaccination-induced protection.

mRNA Vaccines Against COVID-19 as Trailblazers for Other Human Infectious Diseases.

Unlabelled: mRNA vaccines represent a milestone in the history of vaccinology, because they are safe, very effective, quick and cost-effective to produce, easy to adapt should the antigen vary, and able to induce humoral and cellular immunity.

Methods: To date, only two COVID-19 mRNA and one RSV vaccines have been approved. However, several mRNA vaccines are currently under development for the prevention of human viral (influenza, human immunodeficiency virus [HIV], Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, Zika, respiratory syncytial virus, metapneumovirus/parainfluenza 3, Chikungunya, Nipah, rabies, varicella zoster virus, and herpes simplex virus 1 and 2), bacterial (tuberculosis), and parasitic (malaria) diseases.

Dietary Energy Sources Affect Cecal and Fecal Microbiota of Healthy Horses.

Different energy sources are often used in horse diets to enhance health and performance. Understanding how diet impacts the cecal and fecal microbiota is crucial for meeting the nutritional needs of horses. High-throughput sequencing and qPCR were used to compare the fecal and cecal microbiota of five healthy horses receiving three different diets: hay diet (HAY), hay + starch and sugar (SS), and hay + fiber and oil ingredients (FO).

Exploring miRNAs' Based Modeling Approach for Predicting PIRA in Multiple Sclerosis: A Comprehensive Analysis.

The current hypothesis on the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) suggests the involvement of both inflammatory and neurodegenerative mechanisms. Disease Modifying Therapies (DMTs) effectively decrease relapse rates, thus reducing relapse-associated disability in people with MS. In some patients, disability progression, however, is not solely linked to new lesions and clinical relapses but can manifest independently.

Cladribine and ocrelizumab induce differential miRNA profiles in peripheral blood mononucleated cells from relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients.

Background And Objectives: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, progressive neurological disease characterized by early-stage neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and demyelination that involves a spectrum of heterogeneous clinical manifestations in terms of disease course and response to therapy. Even though several disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) are available to prevent MS-related brain damage-acting on the peripheral immune system with an indirect effect on MS lesions-individualizing therapy according to disease characteristics and prognostic factors is still an unmet need. Given that deregulated miRNAs have been proposed as diagnostic tools in neurodegenerative/neuroinflammatory diseases such as MS, we aimed to explore miRNA profiles as potential classifiers of the relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients' prospects to gain a more effective DMT choice and achieve a preferential drug response.