A protracted iGAS outbreak in a long-term care facility 2014-2015: control measures and the use of whole-genome sequencing.

Background: In 2014, two residents of a long-term care facility (LTCF) developed invasive group A streptococcal (iGAS) infections with identical typing (emm 11), resulting in one death. The second resident recovered but had a subsequent episode of emm 11 iGAS infection 10 months later. This second episode was linked to a third case, within 12 days, leading to a further outbreak investigation.

Investigation using whole genome sequencing of a prolonged restaurant outbreak of Typhimurium linked to the building drainage system, England, February 2015 to March 2016.

Following notification of a serovar Typhimurium gastroenteritis outbreak, we identified 82 cases linked to a restaurant with symptom onset from 12 February 2015 to 8 March 2016. Seventy-two cases had an isolate matching the nationally unique whole genome sequencing profile (single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) address: 1.1.