Friends, neighbours and enemies: an overview of the communal and social biology of plants.

Plants were traditionally seen as rather passive actors in their environment, interacting with each other only in so far as they competed for the same resources. In the last 30 years, this view has been spectacularly overturned, with a wealth of evidence showing that plants actively detect and respond to their neighbours. Moreover, there is evidence that these responses depend on the identity of the neighbour, and that plants may cooperate with their kin, displaying social behaviour as complex as that observed in animals.

High efficiency transformation of Brassica oleracea var. botrytis plants by Rhizobium rhizogenes.

Brassica oleracea var. botrytis, a very popular crop grown for its edible inflorescence, is bred only as a mutated annual cultivar and does not naturally occur in environment. Since cauliflower is still described as the most troublesome of all the B.

Highly biocompatible chitosan with super paramagnetic calcium ferrite (CaFeO) nanoparticle for the release of ampicillin.

The CaFeO nanoparticles (CFNP) were synthesized using the solution combustion method. The CFNP-chitosan-ampicillin was prepared by the ionic gelation method using tripolyphosphate (TPP). The CFNP, chitosan-CFNP, chitosan-CFNP-ampicillin materials were characterized by XRD, FT-IR and TGA analysis in order to evaluate the particle nature and size, the presence of functional groups and their thermal stability.

Expression of the fragile-X in the "premutated"/"non-imprinted" state.

Data about the expression of the fragile site at Xq27.3 from 74 daughters of normal transmitting males (NTMs) were collected from 7 different genetic centers. The majority (85.

Rural water supply and the problem of health in village India, case of the Varanasi District.

The present paper presents an existential analysis of the condition of rural India in reference to water supply and pollution and the resulting health hazard mainly due to high content of chloride, nitrate, sulphate and the hardness. From the view-point of public health, the prevailing sources of water supply i.e.