RAMSES: German Meteorological Service autonomous Raman lidar for water vapor, temperature, aerosol, and cloud measurements.

The Raman lidar for atmospheric moisture sensing (RAMSES) for unattended, continuous multiparameter atmospheric profiling is presented. A seeded frequency-tripled Nd:YAG laser serves as the light source. A nine-channel polychromator, nonfiber coupled to the main telescope (790 mm diameter), is used for far-range measurements.

Escherichia coli K88 receptor expression in intestine of disease-susceptible weaned pigs.

A challenge trial was carried out in which Escherichia coli O157 K88ac was administered to a litter of weaned pigs and the development of the disease monitored over a five-day experimental period. The eight animals in the trial were assigned to two groups depending on whether they exhibited disease symptoms. Six pigs developed diarrhoea and two appeared unaffected; these were designated as the test (or K88-susceptible) group and the control (or K88-resistant) group, respectively.

Sialylation of intestinal microvillar membranes in newborn, sucking and weaned pigs.

Affinity cytochemistry and biochemistry revealed distinctive temporal changes in the expression of sialylated and compositionally related membrane glycoconjugates in the pig small intestine between birth and weaning. The expression of membrane NeuAc alpha 2,6 moieties, recognized by Sambucus nigra agglutinin-1, was high in newborn pigs, declined slightly during sucking and was very low in weaned animals. Conversely, the expression of membrane NeuAc alpha 2.

The inhibition of fungal cellulolysis by cell-free preparations from ruminococci.

The degradation of filter paper by the anaerobic fungus Neocallimastix frontalis strain RE1 was reduced by the addition of cell-free supernates from cultures of Ruminococcus albus strain J6 and R. flavefaciens strains 17 and 007. Fungal uptake of, and growth on, glucose was not affected.