Clinical Characteristics of Early-Onset and Late-Onset Multiple Sclerosis in Patients from Lithuania.

Early-onset MS (EOMS) and late-onset MS (LOMS) differ in terms of symptom presentation, disease progression, and disability outcomes. This study aims to evaluate the clinical characteristics of patients with EOMS and LOMS in Lithuania. A retrospective analysis of patients' medical records was conducted at the Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas Clinics Department of Neurology.

Verticality perception in patients with active multiple sclerosis: The applicability of subjective visual vertical test and its modifications.

Background: Dizziness and balance disturbances are common in patients with MS. Subjective visual vertical (SVV) is a test of vestibular perception that allows clinicians to evaluate the integration of multiple sensory inputs for spatial orientation in the CNS. We hypothesize that central vestibular impairment caused by active MS lesions may be reflected in the modified SVV testing.

Phrenic Nerve Sonography Alterations in Patients with ALS: Insight with Clinical and Neurophysiological Findings.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, and although the diagnosis is primarily based on clinical criteria, ENMG, as the "gold standard", does not always show detectable changes. Therefore, our study suggests that alterations in echogenicity and heterogeneity of the phrenic nerve (PN) may serve as potential additional diagnostic tools for ALS. Our study included 32 patients in the ALS group and 64 individuals in the control group.

CXCL12 Gene Polymorphisms and Serum Levels: Associations with Multiple Sclerosis Prevalence and Clinical Parameters in Lithuania.

Our study aimed to investigate the associations between rs1029153, rs1801157, and rs2297630 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), CXCL12 protein levels, MS prevalence, and clinical parameters. This study included 250 individuals diagnosed with MS and 250 sex- and age-matched healthy control individuals from Lithuania. The SNPs were genotyped with real-time PCR-based assays.

Gene Polymorphism Associations with Multiple Sclerosis.

has a dual role in multiple sclerosis (MS), contributing to both protective and harmful effects. It activates immune cells, promotes the formation of inflammatory lesions in the central nervous system, and stimulates the production of other pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, leading to myelin destruction and neuronal damage. Our research focused on investigating the relationship between (rs1800630, rs1800629, and rs361525) gene polymorphisms and MS.