Spectrally encoded flow cytometry using few-mode fiber collection.

In fiber-based confocal microscopy, using two separate fibers for illumination and collection enables the use of a few-mode fiber to achieve an effect similar to opening the pinhole in a conventional confocal microscope. In some Fourier-domain applications, however, or when a spectral measurement is involved, the coherent light detection would lead to noticeable spectral modulation artifacts that result from differential mode delay, an effect caused by the multimode propagation in the collection fiber. After eliminating these artifacts by using mode-dependent polarization control, we demonstrate effective spectrally encoded imaging with improved signal efficiency and lower speckle noise, and only a minor, negligible reduction in lateral and axial resolutions.

Hearing Preservation Outcomes in 230 Consecutive Patients with Small Vestibular Schwannomas Treated with Microsurgery.

Objective: To evaluate hearing preservation (HP) outcomes for patients with small sporadic vestibular schwannomas (VS) who elect to undergo microsurgical resection.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Setting: Tertiary single-academic institution.

Active learning of enhancers and silencers in the developing neural retina.

Deep learning is a promising strategy for modeling cis-regulatory elements. However, models trained on genomic sequences often fail to explain why the same transcription factor can activate or repress transcription in different contexts. To address this limitation, we developed an active learning approach to train models that distinguish between enhancers and silencers composed of binding sites for the photoreceptor transcription factor cone-rod homeobox (CRX).

Cortical and behavioral correlates of alexia in primary progressive aphasia and Alzheimer's disease.

The underlying causes of reading impairment in neurodegenerative disease are not well understood. The current study seeks to determine the causes of surface alexia and phonological alexia in primary progressive aphasia (PPA) and typical (amnestic) Alzheimer's disease (AD). Participants included 24 with the logopenic variant (lvPPA), 17 with the nonfluent/agrammatic variant (nfvPPA), 12 with the semantic variant (svPPA), 19 with unclassifiable PPA (uPPA), and 16 with AD.

Myths and fitness interdependence: Beyond coalitional longevity.

This comment seeks to extend the authors' argument by considering how perceived fitness interdependence is generated in different settings. Based primarily on research from political science, it argues that strategic agents may seek to design myths that emphasize not only the longevity of their coalitions, but also internal features such as material and status equality and institutional impartiality.