Experience and trust: the benefits of mate familiarity are realized through sex-specific specialization of parental roles in Cassin's auklet.

Maintaining a pair bond year after year (perennial monogamy) often enhances reproductive success, but what familiar pairs are doing differently to improve success is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that endocrine changes mediate improvements in parental attendance in known-age Cassin's auklets , for which we found limited evidence. Instead, we found sex-specific parental roles in familiar pairs.

Age, not growth, explains larger body size of Pacific cod larvae during recent marine heatwaves.

Marine heatwaves (MHWs) are often associated with physiological changes throughout biological communities but can also result in biomass declines that correspond with shifts in phenology. We examined the response of larval Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) to MHWs in the Gulf of Alaska across seven years to evaluate the effects of MHWs on hatch phenology, size-at-age, and daily growth and identify potential regulatory mechanisms. Hatch dates were, on average, 19 days earlier since the onset of MHWs, shifting a mean of 15 days earlier per 1 ℃ increase.

Mental toughness and psychological performance skills in the operating room: Staff perceptions and implications for function and training.

The importance of psychological performance skills (mental toughness) is recognised in many mission-critical professions. Similar importance has been suggested for nursing. Survey data demonstrate that surgical staff believe that such skills exert significant influence on surgical excellence, surgical errors and on managing surgical emergencies.

Temperature shifts associated with bat arousals during hibernation inhibit the growth of .

Temperature is a critically important factor in many infectious disease systems, because it can regulate responses in both the host and the pathogen. White-nose syndrome (WNS) in bats is a severe infectious disease caused by the temperature-sensitive fungus, (). One feature of WNS is an increase in the frequency of arousal bouts (i.

Stratified coastal ocean interactions with tropical cyclones.

Hurricane-intensity forecast improvements currently lag the progress achieved for hurricane tracks. Integrated ocean observations and simulations during hurricane Irene (2011) reveal that the wind-forced two-layer circulation of the stratified coastal ocean, and resultant shear-induced mixing, led to significant and rapid ahead-of-eye-centre cooling (at least 6 °C and up to 11 °C) over a wide swath of the continental shelf. Atmospheric simulations establish this cooling as the missing contribution required to reproduce Irene's accelerated intensity reduction.