Smoking cessation, physicians, and medical office staff. Clinical tobacco intervention in Prince Edward Island.

Objective: To assess attitudes and self-reported behaviours of physicians and medical office staff in Prince Edward Island concerning clinical tobacco intervention (CTI).

Design: Mail survey of PEI primary care physicians and their medical office staff. Most surveys were not mailed back but picked up in person by research staff.

Weight gain after smoking cessation in women: the impact of dieting status.

Objective: The fear of weight gain appears to be a barrier to quitting in some smokers, particularly in women. However, not all female smokers have the same concerns about weight, and not all quitters are equally susceptible to gaining weight after cessation. We hypothesized that among females, dieters, compared to nondieters, would report more weight gain after smoking cessation and would tend to smoke more for weight control purpose.

Health and behavioral predictors of success in an intensive smoking cessation program for women.

Cigarette smoking is the major addiction of women, the leading cause of women's death, and maternal smoking has substantial negative health effects on children. The majority of smokers quit on their own, but women are more likely than men to seek help, and some prefer women-only programs. Multi-component programs combining cessation techniques with counselling, skills training, and emotional support show the highest quit rates.

Age interacts with heaviness of smoking in predicting success in cessation of smoking.

There is conflicting evidence regarding the relation between heaviness of smoking and the likelihood of quitting smoking. We investigated this issue using the data set of the 1986 Adult Use of Tobacco Survey, a telephone survey of the smoking behavior of noninstitutionalized, civilian, US adults aged greater than 16 years. Analyses were based on a subsample of 4,383 individuals who had made a serious attempt to stop smoking 1-10 years before the survey.

The relative autonomy of schools and educational interventions for substance abuse prevention, sex education, and gender stereotyping.

This paper evaluates intervention programs in schools using the theoretical framework of the critical sociology of education, and most specifically, the extent to which schools are autonomous from the larger society. Three different types of intervention programs are reviewed: drug abuse prevention, sex education, and programs to change gender stereotypes, all of which were found to have limited effectiveness. Schools appear unable to change behaviors which are prevalent in a culture because they themselves are strongly influenced by that culture, and because adolescents are influenced by forces outside school.