Beyond lines of treatment: embracing early high-efficacy disease-modifying treatments for multiple sclerosis management.

Recent advances in multiple sclerosis (MS) management have shifted perspectives on treatment strategies, advocating for the early initiation of high-efficacy disease-modifying therapies (heDMTs). This perspective review discusses the rationale, benefits, and challenges associated with early heDMT initiation, reflecting on the obsolescence of the traditional "first-line" and "second-line" treatment classifications. The article emerges from the last update of the consensus document of the Spanish Society of Neurology on the treatment of MS.

Association of MicroRNA Expression and Serum Neurofilament Light Chain Levels with Clinical and Radiological Findings in Multiple Sclerosis.

microRNAs (miRNAs) are promising biomarkers for many diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS). The neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a biomarker that can detect axonal damage in different neurological diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of the expression profile of pre-selected miRNAs and NfL levels with clinical and radiological variables in MS patients.

Insights into Peptidyl-Prolyl - Isomerases from Clinically Important Protozoans: From Structure to Potential Biotechnological Applications.

Peptidyl-prolyl / isomerases (PPIases) are present in a wide variety of microorganisms, including protozoan parasites such as , , , , , , , , , , and , all of which cause important neglected diseases. PPIases are classified as cyclophilins, FKBPs, or parvulins and play crucial roles in catalyzing the isomerization of the peptide bond preceding a proline residue. This activity assists in correct protein folding.