West Nile Neuroinvasive Disease: Case Series and Review of the Literature.

Background: West Nile virus (WNV), although underdiagnosed, is the most common mosquito-borne disease and the second most common cause of viral encephalitis in the United States. Fewer than 1% of those infected develop neuroinvasive disease.

Methods: We present a cluster of 3 cases of neuroinvasive WNV that occurred between August and September 2023 and a review of the literature for neurologic involvement with this virus.

The Effect of Maternal Parity on Preterm Birth Risk in Women with Short Mid-Trimester Cervical Length: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

: To evaluate the effect of maternal parity on the association between mid-trimester cervical length and preterm birth to elucidate the potential intricacies of this relationship. : A retrospective cohort study using Electronic Medical Records (EMR) data. The study population included pregnant women with a singleton fetus and a short mid-trimester cervical length, recorded in the EMR system at a large health maintenance organization.

Comparison of SGA and Severe SGA rates using six size standards - Is there a difference?

Background: Small for gestational age (SGA) neonates are known to be at an elevated risk for neonatal morbidity. Despite this, there is a growing array of proposed size standards for identifying SGA fetuses. Given the inherent differences in design, acquisition methods, and the characteristics of the populations they represent, the generalizability of these standards to diverse populations remains uncertain.

Treatment-free survival outcomes from the phase II study of nivolumab and salvage nivolumab/ipilimumab in advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma (HCRN GU16-260-Cohort A).

Background: As part of a partitioned survival analysis, treatment-free survival (TFS) can characterize the overall survival time patients spend between the cessation of immunotherapy and the start of subsequent therapy; both with and without toxicity. Significant TFS was reported for the nivolumab/ipilimumab arms of the CheckMate 067 and 214 trials for patients with advanced melanoma or renal cell carcinoma (aRCC), respectively, where immunotherapy was often halted for toxicity rather than a predefined treatment endpoint. We therefore sought to assess TFS in the HCRN GU16-260 trial, which was designed to reduce toxicity and cap immunotherapy duration.