Polyethylene Glycol 3350 With Electrolytes Versus Polyethylene Glycol 4000 for Constipation: A Randomized, Controlled Trial.

Objective: The long-term efficacy and safety of polyethylene glycol (PEG) in constipated children are unknown, and a head-to-head comparison of the different PEG formulations is lacking. We aimed to investigate noninferiority of PEG3350 with electrolytes (PEG3350 + E) compared to PEG4000 without electrolytes (PEG4000).

Methods: In this double-blind trial, children aged 0.

[A neonatal supracondylar humeral fracture resembling a plexus injury].

Background: A supracondylar fracture of the distal humerus in the newborn is a rare injury that can occur during a traumatic partus. It can be difficult to make the correct diagnosis soon after birth.

Case Description: A neonate, born by a short fundal delivery in an otherwise minimally traumatic partus had reduced movement in the lower left arm on the first day of life.

Adalimumab therapy in children with Crohn disease previously treated with infliximab.

Objectives: Adalimumab, a humanised anti-tumour necrosis factor antibody, is an effective treatment in adult patients with refractory Crohn disease (CD). The available literature on its efficacy in children remains limited. We aimed to evaluate the real-world efficacy in paediatric patients with CD and compare the efficacy between infliximab (IFX) nonresponders and patients who lost response to IFX.

Are Carbohydrate-Deficient Transferrin Assays Useful for the Detection of Recurrent 'Binge Drinking' in Children with an Alcohol Intoxication in the Emergency Department?

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate different carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) assays for the detection of recurrent excessive alcohol abuse in adolescents prior to acute alcohol intoxication.

Methods: Data on drinking behaviour and CDT levels of adolescents (13-18 years) registered at the outpatient clinic for youth and alcohol at three major district general hospitals in the Netherlands were retrospectively collected. CDT and disialotransferrin (DST) levels of binge-drinking teenagers were compared with non-binge-drinking teenagers.

Three-dimensional facial analysis in acromegaly: a novel tool to quantify craniofacial characteristics after long-term remission.

Purpose: The exact quantification of craniofacial characteristics in patients with acromegaly is important because it provides insight in the pathophysiology of the disease and offers a tool to evaluate the effects of treatment on tissue specific endpoints. However, until recently this was not feasible due to limitations of available cephalometric methods. The new technique of three-dimensional (3D) cephalometry enables the accurate quantification of facial anatomical characteristics of both soft tissue and bone.