Cervical Spinal Epidural Hematoma After Spinal Anesthesia for Cesarean Section in the Parturient Using Long-Term Low Dose Aspirin.

Spinal epidural hematoma (SEDH) is a rare but serious complication associated with spinal anesthesia (SA). We present an unusual case of cervical SEDH occurring 24 h after a lumbar puncture for a cesarean section. The patient, who was on low-dose aspirin due to preeclampsia, initially exhibited neurological symptoms resembling a stroke.

Extreme Temperatures Reduce Copepod Performance and Change the Relative Abundance of Internal Microbiota.

Copepods are one of the most abundant invertebrate groups in the seas and oceans and are a significant food source for marine animals. Copepods are also particularly sensitive to elevated temperatures. However, it is relatively unknown how the internal microbiome influences copepod susceptibility to warming.

Light Switchable Bioorthogonal Reaction Manifold for Modulation of Hydrogel Properties.

Chemical reaction systems that can occur via multiple pathways in a controllable fashion are highly attractive for advanced materials applications and biological research. In this report, we introduce a bioorthogonal reaction manifold based on a chalcone pyrene () moiety that can undergo either red-shifted photoreversible [2 + 2] cycloaddition or thiol-Michael addition click reaction. By coupling the to a water-soluble poly(ethylene glycol) end group, we demonstrate the efficient polymer dimerization and cleavage by blue light (λ = 450 nm) and UV light (λ = 340 nm), respectively.

Computational Methods Reveal a Series of Cyclic and Linear Lichenysins and Surfactins from the Vietnamese Marine Sediment-Derived Strain G222.

The strain G222, isolated from a Vietnamese marine sediment, was confidently identified by 16 rRNA gene sequencing. Its AcOEt crude extract was successfully analyzed using non-targeted LC-MS/MS analysis, and molecular networking, leading to a putative annotation of its chemical diversity thanks to spectral libraries from GNPS and metabolite structure prediction obtained from SIRIUS combined with the bioinformatics tool conCISE (Consensus Annotation Propagation of Elucidations). This dereplication strategy allowed the identification of an interesting cluster of a series of putative cyclic and linear lipopeptides of the lichenysin and surfactin families.

Synonymous Mutations Can Alter Protein Dimerization Through Localized Interface Misfolding Involving Self-entanglements.

Synonymous mutations in messenger RNAs (mRNAs) can reduce protein-protein binding substantially without changing the protein's amino acid sequence. Here, we use coarse-grain simulations of protein synthesis, post-translational dynamics, and dimerization to understand how synonymous mutations can influence the dimerization of two E. coli homodimers, oligoribonuclease and ribonuclease T.

Fatty Acid Synthase Inhibitors Enhance Microtubule-Stabilizing and Microtubule-Destabilizing Drugs in Taxane-Resistant Prostate Cancer Cells.

Prostate cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related death in men in the United States. Taxane chemotherapy is a staple therapy for men with metastatic prostate cancer, yet the median survival is less than 2 years in this setting. New strategies are needed to overcome taxane resistance to improve patient survival.

Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Secondary Metabolites from a Marine-Derived Fungus Penicillium Citrinum VM6.

Investigation of an antimicrobial and cytotoxic ethyl acetate extract prepared from solid fermentation of the marine-derived fungus Penicillium citrinum VM6 led to the isolation of eight metabolites (1-8), including one citrinin dimer dicitrinone F (1). Of these, compound 7 was isolated for the first time from the Penicillium genus and compound 1 with carbon-bridged C-7/C-7' linkage is rarely reported. All compounds (1-8) exhibited selective antimicrobial activity against the tested Gram-positive bacteria and Candida albicans with MICs of 32-256 µg/mL.

A Pair of Undescribed Alkaloid Enantiomers from Marine Sponge-Derived Fungus Hamigera avellanea and Their Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities.

From marine sponge-associated fungus Hamigera avellanea, thirteen secondary metabolites including a pair of undescribed alkaloid enantiomers (+)-hamiavemin A (4S) (+)-1 and (-)-hamiavemin A (4R) (-)-1. Compound 1 was enantiomers resolved by the Chiralpak AS-3 column, using a hexane/isopropanol mobile phase. Their structures were determined based on extensive analyses of HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectra.

How soluble misfolded proteins bypass chaperones at the molecular level.

Subpopulations of soluble, misfolded proteins can bypass chaperones within cells. The extent of this phenomenon and how it happens at the molecular level are unknown. Through a meta-analysis of the experimental literature we find that in all quantitative protein refolding studies there is always a subpopulation of soluble but misfolded protein that does not fold in the presence of one or more chaperones, and can take days or longer to do so.

Environmental contamination with Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile in Vietnam.

Aims: To investigate the prevalence, molecular type, and antimicrobial susceptibility of Clostridioides difficile in the environment in Vietnam, where little is known about C. difficile.

Methods And Results: Samples of pig faeces, soils from pig farms, potatoes, and the hospital environment were cultured for C.

Is Posttranslational Folding More Efficient Than Refolding from a Denatured State: A Computational Study.

The folding of proteins into their native conformation is a complex process that has been extensively studied over the past half-century. The ribosome, the molecular machine responsible for protein synthesis, is known to interact with nascent proteins, adding further complexity to the protein folding landscape. Consequently, it is unclear whether the folding pathways of proteins are conserved on and off the ribosome.

Stable water-floating transistor with recyclability.

Electronic wastes from used devices containing environmentally hazardous materials are an immediate concern for the sustainable development of electronic and sensor industries. To address this, a highly controllable and dedicated electronic module should be devised, that allows systematic recollection of as many components from the original device for their reuse. Here, we report the total recycling of an electronic device, exploiting a water-floating system that is based on a water-compatible semiconductor as an active material.

Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of Genes Encoding Putative Heat Shock Protein 70 in Papaya ().

<b>Background and Objective:</b> In high plants, the 70 kDa heat stress proteins (Hsp70-s) have been regarded as one of the vital components of the cellular network of chaperones and folding catalysts that play important roles in numerous biological processes during growth and development. The Hsp70 families have been reported in many plant species, unfortunately, no information on this important protein family in papaya (<i>Carica papaya</i>). The objective of this study was to provide comprehensive information on the CpHsp70 family in papaya.

Effect of ischemic time on pediatric heart transplantation outcomes: is it the same for all allografts?

Background: Studies have shown that the optimal ischemia time (IT) threshold in pediatric heart transplantation (PHT) is up to 4 h, independent of other donor organ factors. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between IT and donor left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and study their impact on PHT outcomes.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of PHT (<18 years) identified in UNOS between January 2000 and March 2020.

The driving force for co-translational protein folding is weaker in the ribosome vestibule due to greater water ordering.

Interactions between the ribosome and nascent chain can destabilize folded domains in the ribosome exit tunnel's vestibule, the last 3 nm of the exit tunnel where tertiary folding can occur. Here, we test if a contribution to this destabilization is a weakening of hydrophobic association, the driving force for protein folding. Using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations, we calculate the potential-of-mean force between two methane molecules along the center line of the ribosome exit tunnel and in bulk solution.

Ribosome Elongation Kinetics of Consecutively Charged Residues Are Coupled to Electrostatic Force.

The speed of protein synthesis can dramatically change when consecutively charged residues are incorporated into an elongating nascent protein by the ribosome. The molecular origins of this class of allosteric coupling remain unknown. We demonstrate, using multiscale simulations, that positively charged residues generate large forces that move the P-site amino acid away from the A-site amino acid.

Biosorbent derived from coffee husk for efficient removal of toxic heavy metals from wastewater.

In this study, we investigated the feasibility on the utilization of coffee husk as biosorbents for the removal of heavy metal ions such as Pb and Cd from wastewater. Biochar was produced from coffee wastes and modified with sodium hydroxide to create functional groups on the surface and increase the specificic surface area. The resultant products were characterized by using various analytical methods such as scanning electron microscopy, specific area, surface functional group and zeta potential analysis.

Enhanced recovery of phosphate as a value-added product from wastewater by using lanthanum modified carbon-fiber.

The aim of this study is to present the potential of activated carbon fiber (CF) impregnated with lanthanum (La) as a novel adsorbent (La-CF) of phosphate-phosphorus (P) and to assess the value-added due to P-recovery from wastewater using La-CF. The CF were loaded with La and the loaded CF was then calcined at 500 °C. The La-CF adsorbent was used in a series of batch experiments to characterize the adsorption of P at pH of 6-10 and P concentrations of 1-200 mg/L.

Characterization of envelope sequence of HIV virus in children infected with HIV in Vietnam.

Background: HIV is characterized by high levels of genetic variability, including increased numbers of heterogeneous sequences of the envelope region. Therefore, studying genetic variability of HIV in relation to viral replication might facilitate prognosis of disease progression.

Methods: The study was designed as cross-sectional; data and samples of participants collected and analyzed genes were obtained from 23 children enrolled by Vietnam National Children's Hospital.

Impact of mechanical circulatory support on pediatric heart transplant candidates with elevated pulmonary vascular resistance.

With the new era of increasing use of mechanical circulatory support (MCS) in children, seemingly more patients with elevated pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) are having positive outcomes. The purpose of this study was to define the effect of MCS on pediatric patients listed for heart transplant with an elevated PVR. The United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) database was used to identify patients aged 0-18 at the time of listing for heart transplant between 2010 and 2019 who had PVR documented (n = 2081).

Electrostatic Interactions Govern Extreme Nascent Protein Ejection Times from Ribosomes and Can Delay Ribosome Recycling.

The ejection of nascent proteins out of the ribosome exit tunnel, after their covalent bond to transfer-RNA has been broken, has not been experimentally studied due to challenges in sample preparation. Here, we investigate this process using a combination of multiscale modeling, ribosome profiling, and gene ontology analyses. Simulating the ejection of a representative set of 122 proteins we find a greater than 1000-fold variation in ejection times.

Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Metabolites from the Marine Fungi sp. Isolated from Sediments of Co To Island, Vietnam.

Marine microorganisms are an invaluable source of novel active secondary metabolites possessing various biological activities. In this study, the extraction and isolation of the marine sediment species collected in Vietnam yielded ten secondary metabolites, including sporogen AO-1 (), 3-indolecarbaldehyde (), 2-[(5-methyl-1,4-dioxan-2-yl)methoxy]ethanol (), 2-[(2-hydroxypropanoyl)amino]benzamide (), 4-hydroxybenzandehyde (), chrysogine (), 3-acetyl-4-hydroxycinnoline (), acid 1H-indole-3-acetic (), cyclo (Tyr-Trp) (), and 2',3'-dihydrosorbicillin (). Their structures were identified by the analysis of 1D and 2D NMR data.

Probing the Degradation Chemistry and Enhanced Stability of 2D Organolead Halide Perovskites.

Recent work on quasi-2D Ruddlesden-Popper phase organolead halide perovskites has shown that they possess many interesting optical and physical properties. Most notably, they are significantly more stable when exposed to moisture when compared to the typical 3D perovskite methylammonium lead iodide (MAPI); direct evidence for the chemical source of this stability remains elusive, however. Here, we present a detailed study of the superior moisture stability of a quasi-2D Ruddlesden-Popper perovskite, -butylammonium methylammonium lead iodide (nBA-MAPI), compared to that of MAPI, and examine a simple, yet efficient, methodology to improve the stability of MAPI devices through the application of a thin layer of nBA-MAPI to the surface.