Visualizing lipid nanoparticle trafficking for mRNA vaccine delivery in non-human primates.

mRNA delivered using lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) has become an important subunit vaccine modality, but mechanisms of action for mRNA vaccines remain incompletely understood. Here, we synthesized a metal chelator-lipid conjugate enabling positron emission tomography (PET) tracer labeling of LNP/mRNA vaccines for quantitative visualization of vaccine trafficking in live mice and non-human primates (NHPs). Following i.

Evaluating Artificial Intelligence-Driven Responses to Acute Liver Failure Queries: A Comparative Analysis Across Accuracy, Clarity, and Relevance.

Introduction: Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), particularly through the deployment of large language models (LLMs), have profoundly impacted healthcare. This study assesses 5 LLMs-ChatGPT 3.5, ChatGPT 4, BARD, CLAUDE, and COPILOT-on their response accuracy, clarity, and relevance to queries concerning acute liver failure (ALF).

Modulation of antigen delivery and lymph node activation in nonhuman primates by saponin adjuvant saponin/monophosphoryl lipid A nanoparticle.

Saponin-based vaccine adjuvants are potent in preclinical animal models and humans, but their mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. Here, using a stabilized HIV envelope trimer immunogen, we carried out studies in nonhuman primates (NHPs) comparing the most common clinical adjuvant aluminum hydroxide (alum) with saponin/monophosphoryl lipid A nanoparticles (SMNP), an immune-stimulating complex-like adjuvant. SMNP elicited substantially stronger humoral immune responses than alum, including 7-fold higher peak antigen-specific germinal center B-cell responses, 18-fold higher autologous neutralizing antibody titers, and higher levels of antigen-specific plasma and memory B cells.

Unlocking net-zero supply chain performance system through life cycle assessment: Empirical evidence from rubber industry.

The ongoing transition from a supply chain (SC) to net-zero emission (NZE) in SC performance must align with Sustainable Development Goal 13 to address climate change using life cycle assessment (LCA). Effective management of LCA significantly impacts an organization's competitiveness. With a lack of technology oversight and its connections with other enabling parameters that increase competitiveness, practices in the manufacturing industry remain limited.

Cholate Shunt, Oral Cholate Challenge and Endoscopic Lesions of Portal Hypertension: The SHUNT-V Study.

Background: The accuracy of current criteria for ruling out large oesophageal varices (LEV) and other endoscopic lesions of portal hypertension (PH) may be compromised by obesity and MASLD/MASH.

Aims: In the US multicentre SHUNT-V study, we evaluated the disease severity index (DSI) for detecting LEV and other lesions of PH at endoscopy.

Methods: Subjects were adults with compensated cirrhosis scheduled for endoscopy to screen for varices.

Challenges of blockchain adoption for manufacturing supply chain to achieve sustainability: A case of rubber industry.

Global market competitiveness and standards are pushing the manufacturing supply chain to adopt sustainable approaches to enhance quality, reduce waste, improve environmental practices, and optimize product costs. Blockchain technology has emerged as a promising tool for improving supply chain transparency and manufacturing sustainability. However, various challenges to the mainstream use of blockchain must be identified and addressed.

Multi-Agent DRL for Air-to-Ground Communication Planning in UAV-Enabled IoT Networks.

In this paper, we present a novel method to enhance the sum-rate effectiveness in full-duplex unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted communication networks. Existing approaches often couple uplink and downlink associations, resulting in suboptimal performance, particularly in dynamic environments where user demands and network conditions are unpredictable. To overcome these limitations, we propose a decoupling of uplink and downlink associations for ground-based users (GBUs), significantly improving network efficiency.

Modulation of antigen delivery and lymph node activation in non-human primates by saponin adjuvant SMNP.

Saponin-based vaccine adjuvants are potent in preclinical animal models and humans, but their mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. Here, using a stabilized HIV envelope trimer immunogen, we carried out studies in non-human primates (NHPs) comparing the most common clinical adjuvant alum with Saponin/MPLA Nanoparticles (SMNP), a novel ISCOMs-like adjuvant. SMNP elicited substantially stronger humoral immune responses than alum, including 7-fold higher peak antigen-specific germinal center B cell responses, 18-fold higher autologous neutralizing antibody titers, and higher levels of antigen-specific plasma and memory B cells.

Breast cancer metastasizing to salivary glands: Systematic review.

Distant metastasis to salivary glands is a very rare event and most often associated with primary malignancies of the skin. Only 1-4% of all salivary gland tumours manifest with metastasis. Carcinomas of the breast, lung, kidney and prostate are those primaries that may also potentially metastasize to salivary glands.

Anthropologies of health policy.

In this introduction to our special issue, we take a wide view of the history and epistemic stakes of anthropological and ethnographic approaches to health policy. Drawing on the history of critical medical anthropology, the anthropology of policy, and critical policy studies, we show how anthropologies of health policy are particularly essential in this current moment, as policy production becomes increasingly abstracted and even more entwined with specific forms of evidence making. Taken together, the contributors of this special issue argue that anthropology's interventions into health policy are essential in three ways.

Nutrient dataset development via FAO/INFOODS approach for infant nutritional survey in rural Matiari, Pakistan.

To accurately evaluate dietary intake, multiple resources are necessary, including serving-size modules, pictures, and questionnaires that are used to gather information during surveys. One critical component is the accessibility of food composition data at the national or regional level, which is required to determine dietary intake. Food Agriculture Organization/International Network of Food Data Systems (FAO/INFOODs) tools are useful for developing high-quality food composition data.

Cardiac sarcoidosis presenting as multiple right intra-atrial masses mimicking cardiac tumor.

Background: Cardiac sarcoidosis though in itself, a rare entity, very rarely presents primarily with conduction abnormalities as the primary manifestation in the spectrum of presentations accounted by this chronic granulomatous systemic disease. Sarcoidosis presenting as intra-atrial masses is virtually unheard of.

Case: A middle aged female presented with progressive conduction system disease was found to have right atrial masses of unclear etiologic on relevant imaging.

Local delivery of cell surface-targeted immunocytokines programs systemic antitumor immunity.

Systemically administered cytokines are potent immunotherapeutics but can cause severe dose-limiting toxicities. To overcome this challenge, cytokines have been engineered for intratumoral retention after local delivery. However, despite inducing regression of treated lesions, tumor-localized cytokines often elicit only modest responses at distal untreated tumors.

Visualizing lipid nanoparticle trafficking for mRNA vaccine delivery in non-human primates.

mRNA delivered using lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) has become an important subunit vaccine modality, but mechanisms of action for mRNA vaccines remain incompletely understood. Here, we synthesized a metal chelator-lipid conjugate enabling positron emission tomography (PET) tracer labeling of LNP/mRNA vaccines for quantitative visualization of vaccine trafficking in live non-human primates (NHPs). Following i.

Population-based approaches for reducing stroke risk: an update on their success and the challenges ahead.

Introduction: Stroke is a significant public health challenge as it is the second most common cause of death and the third leading cause of disability globally. Additionally, stroke incidence and the number of stroke deaths have been rising. Efforts to prevent stroke have been made, including high-risk approaches where patients are screened for cardiovascular risk factors, and population-based approaches which attempt to reduce stroke rates by improving overall population health.

seed polysaccharide-copper nanocomposite: An innovative solution for green environment and antimicrobial studies.

The purpose of this study was to synthesize ecofriendly nano-composite in which agricultural waste (seeds of was used to synthesize tamarind seed polysaccharides (TSP) and its composite with copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs) for the purpose of green and clean environment as well as reduction of green-house gases. Confirmation of extracted TSP, synthesized nanocomposite was carried out using FTIR, SEM, PXRD and EDX techniques. In FTIR analysis TSP gives a strong broad peak at 3331 cm due to -OH group and in case of composite its intensity is reduced which might be due to the interactions between -OH and Cu ions.

Investigating industry 4.0 technologies in logistics 4.0 usage towards sustainable manufacturing supply chain.

In the era of Industry 4.0 (I4.0), automation and data analysis have undergone significant advancements, greatly impacting production management and operations management.

A case of diabetic striatopathy due to uncontrolled type 2 diabetes.

Summary: Hemichorea-hemiballismus (HCHB) syndrome is a syndrome characterized by choreic movements which are irregular, nonrepetitive, and random movements, and ballismus which are spontaneous and violent movements. HCHB syndrome with a metabolic cause is a rare presentation that can be precipitated by uncontrolled diabetes. Presented here is a case of HCHB syndrome with right-sided neuroimaging findings and contralateral chorea due to uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Renal cell carcinoma metastasizing to salivary glands: Systematic review.

Distant metastasis to salivary glands is a very rare event. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has been known for its high propensity of metastasis to unusual locations and salivary glands are one among those sites. Approximately 0.

Negotiating un/sanitary citizenship: the reception of UK government COVID-19 public health messaging by racialised people highly exposed to infection.

Governments across the world differently invoked citizen responsibility for responding to the risk of COVID-19 infection. Approaches which focused on changing social practices served to reinforce distinctions between 'sanitary' and 'unsanitary' citizenship. This paper examines citizens' responses to public health policy messaging, exploring as a case study the reception of UK Government messaging about responsible behaviour during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Exploring nature's hidden treasure: Unraveling the untapped phytochemical and pharmacological potentials of L. - A hidden gem in the Lamiaceae family.

Folk medicine, rooted in historical practice, has long been used for medicinal purposes, emphasizing the need to ensure the safety, quality, and efficacy of herbal medicines. This imperative has grown over time, prompting collaborative efforts to document historical records and preserve invaluable knowledge of medicinal plants. The Lamiaceae (Labiatae) family, renowned for its rich assortment of medicinal plants characterized by high concentrations of volatile oils, stands out in this regard.

Analysis of thermal decomposition kinetics of chicken feather fiber reinforced Poly-lactic acid composites filament.

Derivative Thermogravimetric analysis under air was used to observe the thermal decomposition process of Chicken feather fiber (CFF) reinforced Poly-lactic acid (PLA) composite filament of 2.2 mm diameter. The thermal degradation of the sample was initiated at 140 ֯C.