Desmodinosides A-E: New Flavonoid C-glycosides from Desmodium heterocarpon var. stigosum with hepatoprotective and antifungal activity.

Five new flavonoid C-glycosides named desmodinosides A-E (1-5) and one known compound, apigenin 6-C-β-d-xylopyranosyl-2''-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6) have been isolated from the methanol extract of the aerial parts of Desmodium heterocarpon var. stigosum. These compounds were determined by 1D and 2D-NMR and HR-MS spectroscopies.

Identifying temporal sensory drivers of liking of biscuit supplemented with brewer's spent grain for young consumers.

Brewer's spent grain (BSG), a by-product of the brewing industry, has great potential as food additive. BSG is particularly rich in protein and fibre content which makes it an ideal nutritional fortifier for biscuits. However, adding BSG to biscuits can lead to changes in sensory perception and consumer acceptance.

Vibration control of a nonlinear cantilever beam operating in the 3D space.

This paper addresses a control problem of a nonlinear cantilever beam with translating base in the three-dimensional space, wherein the coupled nonlinear dynamics of the transverse, lateral, and longitudinal vibrations of the beam and the base's motions are considered. The control scheme employs two control inputs applied to the beam's base to control the base's position while simultaneously suppressing the beam's transverse, lateral, and longitudinal vibrations. According to the Hamilton principle, a hybrid model describing the nonlinear coupling dynamics of the beam and the base is established: This model consists of three partial differential equations representing the beam's dynamics and two ordinary differential equations representing the base's dynamics.

Moisturizing effectiveness of immediate compared with delayed moisturization.

Introduction: Moisturizers play an essential role in maintaining the integrity of the skin barrier by increasing stratum corneum hydration (SCH) and reducing transepidermal water loss (TEWL). According to dermatology and allergy guidelines, moisturizers should be applied on the skin within 3 min after bathing or showering. However, there is very little evidence supporting this recommendation.

Target Design of Novel Histone Deacetylase 6 Selective Inhibitors with 2-Mercaptoquinazolinone as the Cap Moiety.

Epigenetic alterations found in all human cancers are promising targets for anticancer therapy. In this sense, histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) are interesting anticancer agents that play an important role in the epigenetic regulation of cancer cells. Here, we report 15 novel hydroxamic acid-based histone deacetylase inhibitors with quinazolinone core structures.

SO-PLS as an alternative approach for handling multi-dimensionality in modelling different aspects of consumer expectations.

In the development of sensory and consumer science, data are often collected in several blocks responding to different aspects of consumer experience. Sometimes the task of organizing the data and explaining their relation is non-trivial, especially when considering structural (casual) relationship between data sets. In this sense, PLS path modelling (PLS-PM) has been found as a good tool to model such relations, but this approach faces some issues regarding the assumption of uni-dimensionality of consumers' data blocks.

Potential Impact of Oat Ingredient Type on Oral Fragmentation of Biscuits and Oro-Digestibility of Starch-An In Vitro Approach.

The aim of the present study was to determine how variation in the biscuit matrix affects both the degree of in vitro fragmentation and the starch hydrolysis that occurs during the oral phase of digestion. Using three different oat ingredient types (oat flour, small flakes, and big flakes) and baking powder (or none), six biscuits with different matrices were obtained. The instrumental texture (force and sound measurements) of the biscuits was analyzed.

Event-Based Surveillance at Community and Healthcare Facilities, Vietnam, 2016-2017.

Surveillance and outbreak reporting systems in Vietnam required improvements to function effectively as early warning and response systems. Accordingly, the Ministry of Health of Vietnam, in collaboration with the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, launched a pilot project in 2016 focusing on community and hospital event-based surveillance. The pilot was implemented in 4 of Vietnam's 63 provinces.

What are the risk factors for HIV in men who have sex with men in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam?- A cross-sectional study.

Background: The number of people living with HIV (PLWH) in Vietnam was estimated to rise from 156,802 in 2009 to 256,000 in 2014. Although the number of new HIV reported cases has decreased by roughly 14,000 cases per year from 2010 to 2013 a concerning increase in HIV prevalence has been identified among men who have sex with men (MSM) from 1.7 % in 2005 to 2.

Correlates of HIV infection among street-based and venue-based sex workers in Vietnam.

Commercial sex work is one of the driving forces of the HIV epidemic across the world. In Vietnam, although female sex workers (FSWs) carry a disproportionate burden of HIV, little is known about the risk profile and associated factors for HIV infection among this population. There is a need for large-scale research to obtain reliable and representative estimates of the measures of association.

Temperature dependent structural variations of OH(-)(H2O)n, n = 4-7: effects on vibrational and photoelectron spectra.

In this work, we identified a large number of structurally distinct isomers of midsized deprotonated water clusters, OH(-)(H2O)n=4-7, using first-principles methods. The temperature dependence of the structural variation in the solvation shell of OH(-) for these clusters was examined under the harmonic superposition approximation. We simulated the vibrational and photoelectron spectra based on these thermodynamic calculations.

Expenditure Analysis of HIV Testing and Counseling Services Using the Cascade Framework in Vietnam.

Objectives: Currently, HIV testing and counseling (HTC) services in Vietnam are primarily funded by international sources. However, international funders are now planning to withdraw their support and the Government of Vietnam (GVN) is seeking to identify domestic funding and generate client fees to continue services. A clear understanding of the cost to sustain current HTC services is becoming increasingly important to facilitate planning that can lead to making HTC and other HIV services more affordable and sustainable in Vietnam.

Implementation of web-based respondent-driven sampling among men who have sex with men in Vietnam.

Objective: Lack of representative data about hidden groups, like men who have sex with men (MSM), hinders an evidence-based response to the HIV epidemics. Respondent-driven sampling (RDS) was developed to overcome sampling challenges in studies of populations like MSM for which sampling frames are absent. Internet-based RDS (webRDS) can potentially circumvent limitations of the original RDS method.

Changes in drug use are associated with health-related quality of life improvements among methadone maintenance patients with HIV/AIDS.

Purpose: This longitudinal study assessed the changes in drug use patterns and health-related quality of life (HRQL) among HIV-positive drug users in the first methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) cohort in Vietnam.

Methods: A secondary analysis was conducted on 370 HIV-positive drug users (age: mean ± SD: 29.5 ± 5.

Comprehensive analysis on the structure and proton switch in H+ (CH3OH)m(H2O)n (m + n = 5 and 6).

Theoretical and experimental methods were integrated to investigate the structures of H(+)(CH(3)OH)(m)(H(2)O)(n) clusters for m + n = 5 and 6. An effective theoretical approach is presented to search for extensive sets of structural isomers using an empirical model and substitution schemes. Stable isomers were then reoptimized by the B3LYP level of computations with the 6-31+G* basis set.

A Hierarchical Approach to Study the Thermal Behavior of Protonated Water Clusters H(+)(H2O)n.

The energy landscape of protonated water clusters H(+)(H2O)n is thoroughly explored at the first-principle level using a hierarchical search methodology. In particular, the distinct configurational isomers of OSS2 empirical potential for n = 5-9 are uncovered and archived systematically using an asynchronous genetic algorithm and are subsequently refined with first-principle calculations. Using the OSS2 model, quantitative agreements in the thermal properties between Monte Carlo and harmonic superposition approximation (HSA) highlighted the reliability of the latter approach for the study of small- to medium-sized protonated water clusters.

Multiscale approach to explore the potential energy surface of water clusters (H2O)nn

We propose a multiscale method to explore the energy landscape of water clusters. An asynchronous genetic algorithm is employed to explore the potential energy surface (PES) of OSS2 and TTM2.1-F models.

Theoretical study of the structural and electronic properties of SimGen and SimGen- (s = m + n

Ground-state structures, vibrational frequencies, HOMO-LUMO energy gap, electron affinities, and cluster mixing energy of binary semiconductor clusters SimGen in the range s = m + n View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A clinical, microbiological, and pathological study of intestinal perforation associated with typhoid fever.

One of the most serious complications of typhoid fever is intestinal perforation. Of 27 patients admitted to a provincial hospital in the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam who had gastrointestinal perforation secondary to suspected typhoid fever, 67% were male, with a median age of 23 years and a median duration of illness of 10 days. Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serotype Typhi (S.