Elevated TyG index is associated with increased risk of vitamin D deficiency among elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.

Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and insulin resistance (IR). We aimed to investigate the association between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index that represents IR and VDD in elderly patients with T2DM. We enrolled 572 elderly participants with T2DM in this study.

Association between macro- and microvascular damage and sarcopenia index in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Sarcopenia was recently reported to be relevant to an increased macro-and microvascular disease risk. Sarcopenia index (SI) has been identified as a surrogate marker for sarcopenia. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between macro- and microvascular disease and SI in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Postprandial Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins-Induced Lysosomal Dysfunction and Impaired Autophagic Flux Contribute to Inflammation in White Adipocytes.

Background: Obesity and postprandial hypertriglyceridemia, characterized by an increase in triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs), cause chronic low-grade inflammation. It is unclear how postprandial TRLs affect inflammation in white adipocytes.

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to explore the inflammatory response of postprandial TRLs in white adipocytes and investigate the possible mechanism.

Reply to Mahat, R.K.; Rathore, V. Comment on "Xiang et al. Association between the Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Vitamin D Status in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. 2023, , 639".

We are pleased to see that Mahat and Rathore [...

High serum Bhlhe40 levels are associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Our previous studies have shown that the basic helix-loop-helix family member e40 (Bhlhe40) plays a critical role in regulating calcification and senescence of vascular smooth muscle cells induced by high glucose. In this study, we determined the association between serum Bhlhe40 levels and subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: 247 patients with T2DM were included in this cross-sectional study between June 2021 and July 2022.

Comparison of SSS-CN and PHQ-15 in the evaluation of patients with suspected psychological disorders in cardiovascular medicine.

Aims: Somatic Symptom Scale-China (SSS-CN) has been applied to assess the presence and severity of somatization symptom disorders (SSD) in Chinese patients. However, there was no study comparing SSS-CN with Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15). The aim of this study was to compare the consistency of the SSS-CN with the PHQ-15 in evaluating SSD in patients with suspected psychological disorders in cardiovascular medicine and to explore the relationship between scores on the two SSD self-rating scales and scores on self-rating scales for anxiety or depression.

BMF-AS1/BMF Promotes Diabetic Vascular Calcification and Aging both and .

Vascular calcification and aging often increase morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM); however, the underlying mechanisms are still unknown. In the present study, we found that Bcl-2 modifying factor (BMF) and BMF antisense RNA 1 (BMF-AS1) were significantly increased in high glucose-induced calcified and senescent vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) as well as artery tissues from diabetic mice. Inhibition of BMF-AS1 and BMF reduced the calcification and senescence of VSMCs, whereas overexpression of BMF-AS1 and BMF generates the opposite results.

Association between the Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Vitamin D Status in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Background: Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) increases the risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which might be related to insulin resistance (IR). We aimed to explore the association between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, a reliable indicator of IR, and VDD in patients with T2DM.

Methods: There were 1034 participants with T2DM enrolled in the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University.

Long noncoding RNA SNHG1 alleviates high glucose-induced vascular smooth muscle cells calcification/senescence by post-transcriptionally regulating Bhlhe40 and autophagy via Atg10.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging regulators of vascular diseases, yet their role in diabetic vascular calcification/aging remains poorly understood. In this study, we identified a down-expressed lncRNA SNHG1 in high glucose (HG)-induced vascular smooth muscle cells (HA-VSMCs), which induced excessive autophagy and promoted HA-VSMCs calcification/senescence. Overexpression of SNHG1 alleviated HG-induced HA-VSMCs calcification/senescence.

Postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoproteins promote the adipogenic differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells via the LRP1/caveolin-1/AKT1 pathway.

Diet-induced obesity (OB) is usually accompanied by hypertriglyceridemia, which is characterized by the accumulation of triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoprotein (TRL) particles in the circulation. We previously found that postprandial TRL combined with insulin induced the adipogenic differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, which may represent a key mechanism underlying obesity. However, the specific mechanism and signaling pathway involved in this process remain to be fully elucidated.

The accuracy of four formulas for LDL-C calculation at the fasting and postprandial states.

Background: Elevated level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is concerned as one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease, in both the fasting and postprandial states. This study aimed to compare the measured LDL-C with LDL-C calculated by the Friedewald, Martin-Hopkins, Vujovic, and Sampson formulas, and establish which formula could provide the most reliable LDL-C results for Chinese subjects, especially at the postprandial state.

Methods: Twenty-six subjects were enrolled in this study.

New insight into dyslipidemia-induced cellular senescence in atherosclerosis.

Atherosclerosis, characterized by lipid-rich plaques in the arterial wall, is an age-related disorder and a leading cause of mortality worldwide. However, the specific mechanisms remain complex. Recently, emerging evidence has demonstrated that senescence of various types of cells, such as endothelial cells (ECs), vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), macrophages, endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) contributes to atherosclerosis.

Roles and mechanisms of exosomal non-coding RNAs in human health and diseases.

Exosomes play a role as mediators of cell-to-cell communication, thus exhibiting pleiotropic activities to homeostasis regulation. Exosomal non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), mainly microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are closely related to a variety of biological and functional aspects of human health. When the exosomal ncRNAs undergo tissue-specific changes due to diverse internal or external disorders, they can cause tissue dysfunction, aging, and diseases.

Determination of the Optimal Cutoff Value of Triglyceride That Corresponds to Fasting Levels in Chinese Subjects With Marked Hypertriglyceridemia.

The level of triglyceride (TG) ≥ 2. 3 mmol/L is suggestive of marked hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) and requires treatment with a triglyceride-lowering agent in high-risk and very high-risk patients as recommended by the 2019 ESC/EAS guidelines for the management of dyslipidemia. However, the optimal cutoff value required to diagnose non-fasting HTG that corresponds to the fasting goal level of 2.

Non-fasting lipid profile for cardiovascular risk assessments using China ASCVD risk estimator and Europe SCORE risk charts in Chinese participants.

Background: Previous studies have shown that non-fasting lipids have similar values in cardiovascular risk estimation as fasting, but it is not clear whether this could also be applicable to Chinese participants.

Methods: A total of 127 (76 men, 51 women) participants without atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) were enrolled in the study. Serum levels of blood lipids were monitored at 0 h, 2 h and 4 h after a daily breakfast.

Comparison of the Reductions in LDL-C and Non-HDL-C Induced by the Red Yeast Rice Extract Xuezhikang Between Fasting and Non-fasting States in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease.

Xuezhikang, an extract of red yeast rice, effectively lowers fasting blood lipid levels. However, the influence of Xuezhikang on the non-fasting levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) has not been explored in Chinese patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Fifty CHD patients were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups ( = 25 each) to receive 1,200 mg/d of Xuezhikang or a placebo for 6 weeks as routine therapy.

Change in Postprandial Level of Remnant Cholesterol After a Daily Breakfast in Chinese Patients With Hypertension.

Hypertension (HBP) is usually accompanied by hypertriglyceridemia that represents the increased triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and cholesterol content in remnant lipoproteins [i.e., remnant cholesterol (RC)].

A rare case of thymic carcinoid presenting with gastrointestinal symptoms and pericardium effusion.

Background: Thymic carcinoid is one of an extremely rare type of malignant neuroendocrine tumor with a poor prognosis. Invasion of thymic carcinoid to other organs could lead to devastating consequences. It has been reported that thymic carcinoid mainly invaded to the pleura, lungs, liver, pancreas and bone, while rarely to the cardiac, especially to the ventricle.

Postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoproteins-induced premature senescence of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells via the SIRT1/p53/Ac-p53/p21 axis through oxidative mechanism.

The accumulation of senescent adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) in subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT) is the main cause for the deterioration of WAT and the subsequent age-related disorders in obesity. The number of AMSCs staining positively for senescence-associated-β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) increased significantly after incubation with postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL), accompanied by an impaired cell proliferation capacity and increased expression of inflammatory factors. Besides, the expression of anti-aging protein, silent mating-type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1), was downregulated significantly, while those of acetylated p53 (Ac-p53), total p53, and p21 proteins were upregulated significantly during postprandial TRL-induced premature senescence of AMSCs.

Diagnostic value of monocyte to high-density lipoprotein ratio in acute aortic dissection in a Chinese han population.

: Recently, considerable evidence pointed out monocyte to high-density lipoprotein ratio (MHR) is highly related to inflammatory related diseases. We aim to explore the level of MHR in acute aortic dissection (AAD) patients and determine whether MHR can be a novel diagnostic marker of AAD. : A total of 228 subjects including 128 AAD patients and 110 healthy control were enrolled.

Erratum to "The Role of a Selective P2Y Receptor Antagonist, MRS2578, on the Formation of Angiotensin II-Induced Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2020/1983940.].

Efficacy and Safety of Inorganic Nitrate Versus Placebo Treatment in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction.

Background: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is common, yet there is a lack of effective treatments. In this meta-analysis, we assessed the efficacy and safety of inorganic nitrate in patients with HFpEF.

Methods And Results: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library from the inception of the database through March 2020.

The Role of a Selective P2Y Receptor Antagonist, MRS2578, on the Formation of Angiotensin II-Induced Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms.

Objective: The P2Y receptor has been shown to be involved in many cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension and atherosclerosis. The study is aimed at exploring the role of the P2Y receptor in Ang II-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) formation in apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE) mice by using its selective antagonist.

Methods: Male apoE mice were fed with high-fat diet and infused with angiotensin (Ang) II (1000 ng/kg/min) for 4 weeks to induce AAA or saline as controls.