Application of Natural Medicinal Plants Active Ingredients in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant cancer of the head and neck, with high morbidity and mortality, ranking as the sixth most common cancer in the world. The treatment of OSCC is mainly radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgery, however, the prognosis of patients is still poor and the recurrence rate is high. This paper reviews the range of effects of natural medicinal plant active ingredients (NMPAIs) on OSCC cancer, including the types of NMPAIs, anti-cancer mechanisms, involved signaling pathways, and clinical trials.

Potential targets of diosgenin for the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma and their bioinformatics and transcriptional profiling analyses.

Diosgenin can inhibit the proliferation and cause apoptosis of various tumor cells, and its inhibitory effect on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and its mechanism are still unclear. In this study, we predicted the targets of diosgenin for the treatment of OSCC through the database, then performed bioinformatics analysis of the targets, and further verified the effect of diosgenin on the activity of OSCC cell line HSC-3, the transcriptional profile of the targets and the molecular docking of the targets with diosgenin. The results revealed that there were 146 potential targets of diosgenin for OSCC treatment, which involved signaling pathways such as Ras, TNF, PI3K-AKT, HIF, NF-κB, and could regulate cellular activity through apoptosis, autophagy, proliferation and differentiation, inflammatory response, DNA repair, etc.

Comparative analysis of endophyte diversity of lived on rock and tree.

usually lives on rock or tree, but their endophyte diversity has not yet been fully revealed? In this study, high-throughput sequencing technology was used to investigate the endophyte diversity of the roots of lived on tree (Group 1-3, arboreal type) and rock (Group 4, lithophytic type). The results showed that their composition of endophytic fungi and bacteria were similar at phylum level, while their relative abundance were different. Their taxa composition and abundance of endophytes differed significantly among groups at the genus level.

The mechanism of high mobility group box-1 protein and its bidirectional regulation in tumors.

High-mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1) is a nonhistone chromatin-related protein widely found in eukaryotic cells. It is involved in the transcription, replication, and repair of DNA to maintain nuclear homeostasis. It participates in cell growth, differentiation, and signal transduction.

Interaction between UV-B and plant anthocyanins.

UV-B is an important light condition for inducing anthocyanin synthesis in plants. Plants have corresponding photoreceptors such as UV RESISTANCE LOCUS8 (UVR8) and transduce light signals to the nucleus, which regulate the expression of structural and regulatory genes for anthocyanin synthesis through members such as ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5), thereby increasing or decreasing anthocyanin accumulation. At the same time, excessive UV-B irradiation (artificial light experiments or extreme environmental conditions) is a light stress for plants, which can damage plants and cause DNA damage or even cell death and other adverse effects.

Anticancer Activity of Diosgenin and Its Molecular Mechanism.

Diosgenin, a steroidal sapogenin, obtained from Trigonella foenum-graecum, Dioscorea, and Rhizoma polgonati, has shown high potential and interest in the treatment of various cancers such as oral squamous cell carcinoma, laryngeal cancer, esophageal cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer, lung cancer, cervical cancer, prostate cancer, glioma, and leukemia. This article aims to provide an overview of the in vivo, in vitro, and clinical studies reporting the diosgenin's anticancer effects. Preclinical studies have shown promising effects of diosgenin on inhibiting tumor cell proliferation and growth, promoting apoptosis, inducing differentiation and autophagy, inhibiting tumor cell metastasis and invasion, blocking cell cycle, regulating immunity and improving gut microbiome.

Complete chloroplast genome sequence of and its phylogenetic analysis.

Tratt. is a famous Chinese traditional medicine with long history, here we characterized the whole chloroplast (cp) genome sequence of by Illumina pair-end sequencing. The complete cp genome was 156,749 bp in length, containing a large single copy (LSC) region of 85,862 bp and a small single copy (SSC) region of 18,791 bp, which were separated by a pair of 26,053 bp inverted repeat regions (IRs).