The Drudgery of a Doctor's Disciple: Exploring the effects of Negative Role Modelling on medical students' professional development.

Introduction: Role modelling is considered an essential component of teaching in various educational settings and impact students' professional development. Most studies found in the literature have explored the influence of positive role models and limited data is available about the negative role modelling. This study explores the effects of negative role modelling of teachers on the professional development of future doctors.

Frequency of post-operative hypotony after 23-gauge transconjunctival vitrectomy with locally made instruments.

The objective of this study was to discern the frequency of post-operative hypotony after 23-gauge vitrectomy with locally made instruments. This study was conducted at the Department of Ophthalmology, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore from July 2012 to June 2016. A total of 300 patients underwent 23-gauge pars-plana vitrectomy.