Alternating Aerobics with Resistance Exercise Improves Bone Density and Circulating Irisin Levels in Postmenopausal Women.

Purpose: Irisin plays an important role in bone-muscle crosstalk. The aim of this study was to elucidate the association of long-term exercise induced irisin response with body composition and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women.

Methods: We recruited 29 postmenopausal women (age: 62.

Exploration of physical activity, sedentary behavior and insulin level among short sleepers.

Background: Sufficient physical activity and sleep duration are essential for overall health. While one-third of the US population reports short sleep (<7 h), which is proven to link with negative health status. Current evidence on the relationship between physical activity, sedentary behavior, and serum insulin level in short sleep groups is limited.

A predicting model of child-bearing-aged women' spontaneous abortion by co-infections of TORCH and reproductive tract.

To develop a predicting model of child-bearing-aged women' spontaneous abortion (SA) by co-infections of TORCH and reproductive tract, in order to provide a reference tool for accurately predicting the risk of SA and guide the early prevention, diagnosis and treatment of SA. A prospective cohort study was designed based on 218 958 child-bearing-aged women following up in Hebei province in China from 2010 to 2017. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to select candidate predictive variables.

Expression profiles of SLC39A/ZIP7, ZIP8 and ZIP14 in response to exercise-induced skeletal muscle damage.

Background: Zinc transporters are thought to facilitate the mobilization of zinc (Zn) and the role of Zn as a signaling mediator during cellular events. Little is known about the response of Zn movement and zinc transporters during muscle proliferation and differentiation processes after damage.

Methods: After rats were subjected to one 90-min session of downhill running to cause muscle damage, the gastrocnemius muscles were harvested to assess the expression of zinc transporters SLC39A/ZIP7, ZIP8, ZIP14 and myogenic regulatory factors at the 0 h, 6 h, 12 h, 1 d, 2 d, 3 d, 1 w and 2 w time points after exercise.

Eccentric exercise results in a prolonged increase in interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α levels in rat skeletal muscle.

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) are well-known cytokines with pro-inflammatory capabilities, and have been shown to be involved in adaptation to exercise as multifaceted myokines. However, the precise role of IL-6 and TNF-α during exercise-induced skeletal muscle injury and subsequent repair processes is not fully understood. In this study, IL-6 and TNF-α were examined in soleus muscles at the gene and protein levels using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical staining, respectively, and serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were determined before and after a 90-min downhill running session in rats.

Aging of the immune system causes reductions in muscle stem cell populations, promotes their shift to a fibrogenic phenotype, and modulates sarcopenia.

Aging is associated with diminished muscle mass, reductions in muscle stem cell functions, and increased muscle fibrosis. The immune system, especially macrophages, can have important roles in modulating muscle growth and regeneration, suggesting that the immune system may also have significant influences on muscle aging. Moreover, the immune system experiences changes in function during senescence, suggesting that regulatory interaction between muscle cells and the immune system may also change during aging.

Response of macrophages in rat skeletal muscle after eccentric exercise.

Purpose: Macrophages are known to be important for healing numerous injured tissues depending on their functional phenotypes in response to different stimuli. The objective of this study was to reveal macrophage phenotypic changes involved in exercise-induced skeletal muscle injury and regeneration.

Methods: Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats experienced one session of downhill running (16° decline, 16 m/min) for 90 min.

MicroRNAs in the regeneration of skeletal muscle.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators of numerous biological processes by modulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. The discovery of miRNAs as new and important regulators of gene expression is expected to broaden our biological understanding of the regulatory mechanism in muscle by adding another dimension of regulation to the diversity and complexity of gene-regulatory networks. Exercise-induced skeletal muscle injury and repair have always been among the highlights of research in sports medicine.