Active-compensation of systematic error for the 1000 mm aperture flat interferometer.

Large-aperture elements would induce unnegligible systematic errors due to material inhomogeneity, manufacturing or gravity, that are difficult to correct in an extreme large aperture flat interferometer and result in reference wavefront distortion. We propose an active-compensation method for systematic errors by employing a deformable mirror into the interferometer to modulate reference wavefront. A mapping relationship between sag of the deformable mirror and reference wavefront error is derived by theory of matrix optics, and two interferometer optical paths are designed for whether the deformable mirror is located at the pupil or not.

Topography reconstruction of high aspect ratio silicon trench array via near-infrared coherence scanning interferometry.

Topography measurement of high aspect ratio trench array using coherence scanning interferometry presents significant challenges because the numerical aperture of detection light is constrained by the trenches. Altering the detection light to penetrate the sample like near-infrared light for silicon could overcome this obstacle, but the trench array spreads the detection light. This study introduces a coherence scanning interferometry model based on three-dimensional point spread function and assuming sample is transparent to detection light, which is realized by integrating rigorous numerical electromagnetic field solution to quantify the modulation aberrations of detection light by transparent trench arrays, and theoretical angular spectrum diffraction utilized for far-field interference imaging.

CMFHMDA: a prediction framework for human disease-microbe associations based on cross-domain matrix factorization.

Predicting associations between microbes and diseases opens up new avenues for developing diagnostic, preventive, and therapeutic strategies. Given that laboratory-based biological tests to verify these associations are often time-consuming and expensive, there is a critical need for innovative computational frameworks to predict new microbe-disease associations. In this work, we introduce a novel prediction algorithm called Predicting Human Disease-Microbe Associations using Cross-Domain Matrix Factorization (CMFHMDA).

Predicting potential microbe-disease associations based on dual branch graph convolutional network.

Studying the association between microbes and diseases not only aids in the prevention and diagnosis of diseases, but also provides crucial theoretical support for new drug development and personalized treatment. Due to the time-consuming and costly nature of laboratory-based biological tests to confirm the relationship between microbes and diseases, there is an urgent need for innovative computational frameworks to anticipate new associations between microbes and diseases. Here, we propose a novel computational approach based on a dual branch graph convolutional network (GCN) module, abbreviated as DBGCNMDA, for identifying microbe-disease associations.

Identification of non-small cell lung cancer with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using clinical symptoms and routine examination: a retrospective study.

Background: Patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and patients with NSCLC combined with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have similar physiological conditions in early stages, and the latter have shorter survival times and higher mortality rates. The purpose of this study was to develop and compare machine learning models to identify future diagnoses of COPD combined with NSCLC patients based on the patient's disease and routine clinical data.

Methods: Data were obtained from 237 patients with COPD combined with NSCLC as well as NSCLC admitted to Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region People's Hospital from October 2013 to July 2022.

CNN-LSTM Model for Recognizing Video-Recorded Actions Performed in a Traditional Chinese Exercise.

Identifying human actions from video data is an important problem in the fields of intelligent rehabilitation assessment. Motion feature extraction and pattern recognition are the two key procedures to achieve such goals. Traditional action recognition models are usually based on the geometric features manually extracted from video frames, which are however difficult to adapt to complex scenarios and cannot achieve high-precision recognition and robustness.

Inhibition of miR-4640-5p alleviates pulmonary hypertension in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients by regulating nitric oxide synthase 1.

Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a devastating disease characterized by vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling, leading to right ventricular failure and death. PH is a common complication of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Accumulating evidence demonstrate that microRNAs participate in the pathobiology of PH in COPD patients.

The Association Between the Decline of eGFR and a Reduction of Hemoglobin A in Type 2 Diabetic Patients.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the relationship between short-term (≤12 months) changes in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and hemoglobin A (HbA) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Method: A total of 2,599 patients with T2D were enrolled if they were registered in the Diabetes Sharecare Information System, were aged 18-75 years, and had 2-3 HbA and eGFR measurements within the preceding 12 months. The studied patients were categorized into five groups based on eGFR, i.

Clinical Inertia and 2-Year Glycaemic Trajectories in Patients with Non-Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Primary Care: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: To analyse diabetes treatment, treatment change and self-management behaviours in association with 2-year glycaemic trajectories in patients with non-newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese primary care.

Methods: This was an observational, multi-centre, longitudinal, retrospective cohort study. Clinical data of 4690 subjects were extracted from electronic medical records, including serial glycated haemoglobin A (HbA) measurements, antidiabetic medication records and compliance to exercise, diet, medications and self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG).

MLST/MVLST Analysis and Antibiotic Resistance of in Shandong Province of China.

Background: is an important bacterium causing profuse watery diarrhea. Cholera had swept the whole Shandong province from 1975 to 2013.

Methods: From epidemiological data and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis data, we selected 86 isolates appearing in Shandong Province in China from 1975 to 2013 and characterized them by multilocus sequence typing (MLST)/multi-virulence locus sequence typing (MVLST), antibiogram and analysis of genes related to antibiotic resistance.

Prediction of gold stage in patients hospitalized with COPD exacerbations using blood neutrophils and demographic parameters as risk factors.

Background: Patients hospitalized with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations are unable to complete the pulmonary function test reliably due to their poor health conditions. Creating an easy-to-use instrument to identify the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) stage will offer valuable information that assists clinicians to choose appropriate clinical care to decrease the mortality in these patients. The objective of this study was to develop a prediction model to identify the GOLD stage in the hospitalized exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (ECOPD) patients.

Long Distance Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from Contaminated Cold Chain Products to Humans - Qingdao City, Shandong Province, China, September 2020.

Though coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has largely been controlled in China, several outbreaks of COVID-19 have occurred from importation of cases or of suspected virus-contaminated products. Though several outbreaks have been traced to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) isolated on the outer packaging of cold chain products, live virus has not been obtained. In September 2020, two dock workers were detected as having asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection using throat swabs during routine screening in Qingdao, China.

Spurious fringe processing for dielectric metasurface profile measurement using white-light scanning interferometry.

Dielectric metasurfaces, which are capable of manipulating incident light, have been a novel branch of flat optics. This modulation ability is realized by nanostructures with space-variant geometrical parameters such as height and diameter. Therefore, accurate profile measurement of metasurfaces is of great importance.

Hypoxia induces pulmonary artery smooth muscle dysfunction through mitochondrial fragmentation-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) dysfunction. However, the underlying mechanisms of PASMC dysfunction remain largely unknown. Here, we show that mitochondrial fragmentation contributes to PASMC dysfunction through enhancement of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress.

Prediction models for pulmonary function during acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Objective: The pulmonary function test is an effort-dependent test; however, during acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD), patients are unable to effectively cooperate due to poor health. The present study aimed to establish prediction models that only require demographic and inflammatory parameters to predict pulmonary function indexes: forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV) and forced vital capacity (FVC).

Approach: The goal was to establish prediction models based on multi-output support vector regression.

Automated fast computational adaptive optics for optical coherence tomography based on a stochastic parallel gradient descent algorithm.

The transverse resolution of optical coherence tomography is decreased by aberrations introduced from optical components and the tested samples. In this paper, an automated fast computational aberration correction method based on a stochastic parallel gradient descent (SPGD) algorithm is proposed for aberration-corrected imaging without adopting extra adaptive optics hardware components. A virtual phase filter constructed through combination of Zernike polynomials is adopted to eliminate the wavefront aberration, and their coefficients are stochastically estimated in parallel through the optimization of the image metrics.

Nonnull interferometric testing of spherical gratings under Littrow conditions with opposite diffraction orders.

Diffracted wavefront measurements are qualitative and comprehensive verifications for the spherical grating that was manufactured to specifications. Direct interferometric testing of the diffracted wavefront is convenient and implemented by tilting the spherical grating at a Littrow angle to obtain autoreflection and then results in a nonnull interferometric testing configuration. The diffracted wavefront of the spherical grating contains not only wavefront errors induced by the manufacturing imperfections but also inherent wavefront contributions from the autoreflection testing setup.

Absence of SARS-CoV-2 in semen of a COVID-19 patient cohort.

Background: Since SARS-CoV-2 infection was first identified in December 2019, the novel coronavirus-induced pneumonia COVID-19 spread rapidly and triggered a global pandemic. Recent bioinformatics evidence suggested that angiotensin-converting enzyme 2-the main cell entry target of SARS-CoV-2-was predominantly enriched in spermatogonia, Leydig and Sertoli cells, which suggests the potential vulnerability of the male reproductive system to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Objectives: To identify SARS-CoV-2 RNA in seminal plasma and to determine semen characteristics from male patients in the acute and recovery phases of infection.

Subaperture stitching interferometry based on the combination of the phase correlation and iterative gradient methods.

Subaperture stitching interferometry (SAS) is an important method for map testing of large aperture optical components, in which a mechanical structure is often employed for the testing of each subaperture. By eliminating the phase deviation of the corresponding points in the overlapping regions of every adjacent subaperture, the whole aperture map can be obtained. Accurate subaperture positioning is an important guarantee for precise stitching.

Huaier extract suppresses non-small cell lung cancer progression through activating NLRP3-dependent pyroptosis.

Recent studies have reported the anticancer activity of huaier extract in various human malignancies. However, little is known about the effect of huaier extract in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its underlying mechanism. The current study aimed to investigate whether huaier extract affects the progression of NSCLC.

Construction method through multiple off-axis parabolic surfaces expansion and mixing to design an easy-aligned freeform spectrometer.

The classic Czerny-Turner spectrometer consists of a plane grating and two spherical mirrors. The optical path geometry adopted for incident and grating dispersed light is off-axis reflection, so the spherical collimating and focusing mirrors introduce coma and astigmatism. The conventional configuration is asymmetrical for coma automatic compensation, but suffers from astigmatism.

Wavefront propagation based on the ray transfer matrix and numerical orthogonal Zernike gradient polynomials.

The aberrated wavefront propagates along its normal. Both the magnitude and boundary change after the propagation. Wavefronts characterized by Zernike coefficients and a normalized pupil radius can also be represented by a bundle of feature rays normal to the local surface.

Overexpression of the long noncoding RNA TRHDE-AS1 inhibits the progression of lung cancer via the miRNA-103/KLF4 axis.

Aim: The aim of this study was to explore the role and molecular basis of the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) TRHDE-AS1 in lung cancer.

Methods: We used real-time polymerase chain reaction to analyze the messenger RNA expression levels of TRHDE-AS1, miR-103, and KLF4. The cell viability, proliferation, and invasion rates were assessed via 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, Cell Counting Kit-8, and Transwell assays to elucidate the role of TRHDE-AS1.

Customized design and efficient fabrication of two freeform aluminum mirrors by single point diamond turning technique.

The precision single point diamond turning technique has been a promising technology for generating small and medium-sized freeform optical elements with high surface quality. In this paper, we present an extremely off-axis freeform optical system with a large 10.0 mm pupil diameter and a low 3.