Tetraspan MS4A6D is a coreceptor of MHC class II antigen (MHC-II) that promotes macrophages-derived inflammation.

Our previous research demonstrated that the tetraspan MS4A6D is an adapter of VSIG4 that controls NLRP3 inflammasome activation (Sci Adv. 2019: eaau7426); however, the expression, distribution and biofunction of MS4A6D are still poorly understood. Here, we showed that MS4A6D is restricted to mononuclear phagocytes and that its gene transcript is controlled by the transcription factor NK2 homeobox-1 (NKX2-1).

SARS-CoV-2 Induces Lymphocytopenia by Promoting Inflammation and Decimates Secondary Lymphoid Organs.

While lymphocytopenia is a common characteristic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the mechanisms responsible for this lymphocyte depletion are unclear. Here, we retrospectively reviewed the clinical and immunological data from 18 fatal COVID-19 cases, results showed that these patients had severe lymphocytopenia, together with high serum levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10), and elevation of many other mediators in routine laboratory tests, including C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase and natriuretic peptide type B. The spleens and hilar lymph nodes (LNs) from six additional COVID-19 patients with post-mortem examinations were also collected, histopathologic detection showed that both organs manifested severe tissue damage and lymphocyte apoptosis in these six cases.

Corrigendum: Changes in Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes and Vascular Normalization in Breast Cancer Patients After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Their Correlations With DFS.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.

A Novel Circulating MiRNA-Based Signature for the Diagnosis and Prognosis Prediction of Early-Stage Cervical Cancer.

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to play a key role in regulating the progression of cervical cancer (CC). This study aimed to develop a circulating miRNA-based molecular signature for the diagnosis and prognosis prediction of early-stage CC.

Methods: This study included 112 patients diagnosed with early-stage CC, 45 patients confirmed with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and 90 healthy subjects.

CD1d1 intrinsic signaling in macrophages controls NLRP3 inflammasome expression during inflammation.

Dysregulation of immune responses in the gut often associates with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Mouse CD1d1, an ortholog of human CD1d mainly participating in lipid-antigen presentation to NKT cells, is able to generate intrinsic signals upon stimulation. Mice with macrophage-specific deficiency ( ) acquire resistance to dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis, attributing to the transcriptional inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome components.

Outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve replacement for patients with severe aortic stenosis and concomitant aortic insufficiency: Insights from the TVT Registry.

Aims: Data regarding outcomes for patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) with concomitant aortic insufficiency (AI), undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) are limited. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of severe AS with concomitant AI among patients undergoing TAVR and outcomes of TAVR in this patient group.

Methods And Results: Using data from the STS/ACC-TVT Registry, we identified patients with severe AS with or without concomitant AI who underwent TAVR between 2011 and 2016.

Performance of Hospitals When Assessing Disease-Based Mortality Compared With Procedural Mortality for Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction.

Importance: Quality of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is commonly assessed by risk-adjusted mortality. However, this metric may result in procedural risk aversion, especially for high-risk patients.

Objective: To determine correlation and reclassification between hospital-level disease-specific mortality and PCI procedural mortality among patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Thirty-Day Outcomes of Transcatheter Mitral Valve Replacement for Degenerated Mitral Bioprostheses (Valve-in-Valve), Failed Surgical Rings (Valve-in-Ring), and Native Valve With Severe Mitral Annular Calcification (Valve-in-Mitral Annular Calcification) in the United States: Data From the Society of Thoracic Surgeons/American College of Cardiology/Transcatheter Valve Therapy Registry.

Background: Transcatheter mitral valve replacement using aortic transcatheter heart valves has recently become an alternative for patients with degenerated mitral bioprostheses, failed surgical repairs with annuloplasty rings or severe mitral annular calcification who are poor surgical candidates. Outcomes of these procedures are collected in the Society of Thoracic Surgeons/American College of Cardiology/Transcatheter Valve Therapy Registry. A comprehensive analysis of mitral valve-in-valve (MViV), mitral valve-in-ring (MViR), and valve-in-mitral annular calcification (ViMAC) outcomes has not been performed.

Changes in Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes and Vascular Normalization in Breast Cancer Patients After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Their Correlations With DFS.

Changes in the number of various tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and degrees of vascular normalization in breast cancer (BC) patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) were analyzed to screen key factors that can predict the prognosis. HE-stained sections were used to assess the degree of TILs infiltration; immunohistochemically stained sections were used to assess the infiltration of CD8+, CD4+, FOXP3+ Tregs and the expression of PD-L1; immunofluorescence-stained sections were used to assess the microvessel density (MVD) and microvessel pericyte coverage index (MPI). The expression of them before NAC were compared with those after NAC, and correlations between changes in these parameters and the pathological complete remission (pCR) and DFS of BC patients were analyzed.

Factors Associated With and Outcomes of Aborted Procedures During Elective Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement.

Objectives: This study sought to evaluate the outcomes and factors associated with aborted procedures among patients undergoing elective transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).

Background: Elective TAVR procedures can be aborted because of device limitations or aborted for other reasons, including patient and procedural factors. Little is known about 30-day outcomes and factors associated with aborted procedures and procedures aborted because of device limitations (ADs).

Sex Differences in the Use of Statins in Community Practice.

Background: Female patients have historically received less aggressive lipid management than male patients. Contemporary care patterns and the potential causes for these differences are unknown.

Methods And Results: Examining the Patient and Provider Assessment of Lipid Management Registry-a nationwide registry of outpatients with or at risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease-we compared the use of statin therapy, guideline-recommended statin dosing, and reasons for undertreatment.

Length of Stay After Transfemoral Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: An Analysis of the Society of Thoracic Surgeons/American College of Cardiology Transcatheter Valve Therapy Registry.

Objectives: The goal of this study was to investigate the trends, predictors, and outcomes of delayed discharge (>72 h) after transcatheter aortic valve replacement.

Background: Length of stay post-transcatheter aortic valve replacement may have significant clinical and administrative implications.

Methods: Data from the Transcatheter Valve Therapy Registry were used to identify patients undergoing nonaborted transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve replacement who survived to discharge, and data linked from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services were used to provide 1-year events.

VSIG4 mediates transcriptional inhibition of and β in macrophages.

Hyperactivation of the NLRP3 inflammasome contributes to the pathogenesis of multiple diseases, but the mechanisms underlying transcriptional regulation of remain elusive. We demonstrate here that macrophages lacking V-set and immunoglobulin domain-containing 4 () exhibit significant increases in and β transcription, caspase-1 activation, pyroptosis, and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) secretion in response to NLRP3 inflammasome stimuli. VSIG4 interacts with MS4A6D in the formation of a surface signaling complex.

Which technique of positioning and immobilization is better for breast cancer patients in postmastectomy IMRT, single-pole or double-pole immobilization?

Purpose: Our purpose was to explore which immobilization is more suitable for clinical practice in postmastectomy intensity modulation radiotherapy, the single-pole position or the double-pole position?

Methods: Patients treated with postmastectomy intensity modulation radiotherapy were eligible. They were selected randomly for single-pole position or double-pole position. Dose-volume histogram (DVH) was used to evaluate plans.

Association of Patient Perceptions of Cardiovascular Risk and Beliefs on Statin Drugs With Racial Differences in Statin Use: Insights From the Patient and Provider Assessment of Lipid Management Registry.

Importance: African American individuals face higher atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk than white individuals; reasons for these differences, including potential differences in patient beliefs regarding preventive care, remain unknown.

Objective: To evaluate differences in statin use between white and African American patients and identify the potential causes for any observed differences.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Using the 2015 Patient and Provider Assessment of Lipid Management (PALM) Registry data, we compared statin use and dosing between African American and white outpatient adults who were potentially eligible for primary or secondary prevention statins.

Prevalence and Outcomes of Mitral Stenosis in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: Findings From the Society of Thoracic Surgeons/American College of Cardiology Transcatheter Valve Therapies Registry.

Objectives: This study sought to examine the prevalence of mitral stenosis (MS) and its impact on in-hospital and 1-year clinical outcomes among patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).

Background: Patients with coexisting severe aortic stenosis and MS are increasingly being considered for TAVR.

Methods: The study cohort included 44,755 patients (age ≥18 years) who underwent TAVR during November 1, 2011, to September 30, 2015, and were registered in Society of Thoracic Surgeons/American College of Cardiology Transcatheter Valve Therapies (TVT) Registry.

Superhydrophobic Polymerized -Octadecylsilane Surface for BTEX Sensing and Stable Toluene/Water Selective Detection Based on QCM Sensor.

The present study reports a facile and low-cost route to produce a superhydrophobic polymerized -octadecylsilane surface with micronano hierarchical structure on the surface of quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). The surface is used as a novel functional sensing material to detect benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) vapor on the basis of QCM platform. The composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and contact angle measurements.

Removal of crotamiton and its degradation intermediates from secondary effluent using TiO-zeolite composites.

Crotamiton, a scabicide and antipruritic agent persistent during biological treatment processes, is frequently detected in secondary effluent. In this study, titanium dioxide (TiO) and high-silica zeolite (HSZ-385) composites were synthesized and applied for the treatment of crotamiton in secondary effluent. Crotamiton was rapidly adsorbed by HSZ-385, and the adsorption performance of crotamiton in the secondary effluent was quite close to that in the test using ultrapure water.

Does the Genetic Feature of the Chinese Tree Shrew (Tupaia belangeri chinensis) Support Its Potential as a Viable Model for Alzheimer's Disease Research?

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with increasing incidence across the world and no cure at the present time. An ideal animal model would facilitate the understanding of the pathogenesis of AD and discovery of potential therapeutic targets. The Chinese tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri chinensis) has a closer genetic affinity to primates relative to rodents, and can attain ages of 8 years or older, which represents another advantage for the study of neurodegenerative diseases such as AD compared to primates.

Controllable Evolution of Dual Defect Zn and V Associate-Rich ZnO Nanodishes with (0001) Exposed Facet and Its Multiple Sensitization Effect for Ethanol Detection.

Building an effective way for finding the role of surface defects in gas sensing property remains a big challenge. In the present work, we synthesized the ZnO nanodishes (NDs) and first explored the formation process of rich electron donor surface defects by means of studying mechanism for the ZnO NDs synthesis. The test results revealed that ZnO-6, added by 6 mmol Zn powder, had the best gas-sensing properties with the excellent selectivity to ethanol than the others.

Whole-genome sequencing of monozygotic twins discordant for schizophrenia indicates multiple genetic risk factors for schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia is a common disorder with a high heritability, but its genetic architecture is still elusive. We implemented whole-genome sequencing (WGS) analysis of 8 families with monozygotic (MZ) twin pairs discordant for schizophrenia to assess potential association of de novo mutations (DNMs) or inherited variants with susceptibility to schizophrenia. Eight non-synonymous DNMs (including one splicing site) were identified and shared by twins, which were either located in previously reported schizophrenia risk genes (p.

Differences in utilization of dental procedures by children enrolled in Wisconsin Medicaid and Delta Dental insurance plans.

Background: Few studies have directly compared dental procedures provided in public and private insurance plans for enrollees living in dental health professional shortage areas (DHPSAs). We examined the rates for the different types of dental procedures received by 0-18-year-old children living in DHPSAs and non-DHPSAs who were enrolled in Medicaid and those enrolled under Delta Dental of Wisconsin (DDW) for years 2002 to 2008.

Methods: Medicaid and DDW dental claims data for 2002 to 2008 was analyzed.

Arteriographic Patterns of Atherosclerosis and the Association between Diabetes Mellitus and Ethnicity in Chronic Critical Limb Ischemia.

Background: Disparate outcomes in critical limb ischemia (CLI) persist between ethnicities. The contribution of modifiable factors versus intrinsic biologic differences remains unclear. Hence, we aimed to quantify the associations between ethnicity and anatomic patterns of arterial occlusive disease in CLI, adjusting for known atherosclerotic risk factors.