What Is the Prevalence and Fate of Myxoid Soft-Tissue Tumors With an Indeterminate Diagnosis Prior to Resection?

Introduction: Differentiating benign and malignant myxoid soft-tissue tumors preoperatively can be challenging due to shared clinical, imaging, and histologic features. Biopsy specimens are frequently described as "low-grade myxoid neoplasms" without benign or malignant classification (ie, indeterminate). Our purpose is to evaluate the prevalence and prognosis of myxoid tumors with an indeterminate diagnosis before resection.

Prophylactic Antibiotic Choice and Deep Infection in Lower Extremity Endoprosthetic Reconstruction: Comparison of Cefazolin, Cefazolin-Vancomycin, and Alternative Regimens.

Introduction: Infection is a common mode of failure in lower extremity endoprostheses. The Prophylactic Antibiotic Regimens in Tumor Surgery trial reported that 5 days of cefazolin had no difference in surgical site infection compared with 24 hours of cefazolin. Our purpose was to evaluate infection rates of patients receiving perioperative cefazolin monotherapy, cefazolin-vancomycin dual therapy, or alternative antibiotic regimens.

Surgical Margins in Musculoskeletal Sarcoma.

» Negative margin resection of musculoskeletal sarcomas is associated with reduced risk of local recurrence.» There is limited evidence to support an absolute margin width of soft tissue or bone that correlates with reduced risk of local recurrence.» Factors intrinsic to the tumor, including histologic subtype, grade, growth pattern and neurovascular involvement impact margin status and local recurrence, and should be considered when evaluating a patient's individual risk after positive margins.

Utility of iliac crest tetracycline-labelled bone biopsy in osteoporosis and metabolic bone disease: An evaluation of 95 cases over a period of 25 years.

Background: Metabolic bone diseases (MBD) are typically diagnosed by non-invasive imaging and clinical biomarkers. However, imaging does not provide structural information, and biomarkers can be transiently affected by many systemic factors. Bone biopsy and pathologic evaluation is the gold standard for diagnosis of MBD, however, it is rarely utilized.

The Overall Health of Men Who Do Fly-in Fly-Out Work in the Mining Sector.

Fly-in fly-out (FIFO) continues to be a fact of life for many men working in the mining industry. The goal of this article is to gain a better understanding of the impacts of FIFO on the overall health of men working in the mining sector and the relationship these men have to seeking help. A qualitative study of 22 men was conducted using a semi-structured interview guide modeled after Torkington et al.

The Onset and Progression of Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity Deficits in the Q175FDN Mouse Model of Huntington Disease.

Huntington disease (HD) is an inherited neurodegenerative disease characterized by a clinical triad of motor, psychiatric and cognitive symptoms. HD is caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the gene encoding the huntingtin protein. Homozygosity for the HD-causing mutation is extremely rare; thus, the majority of HD patients express the mutant huntingtin protein in addition to reduced levels of the non-pathogenic huntingtin protein.

Synthesis of fluorinated C-mannopeptides as sialyl Lewisx mimics for E- and P-selectin inhibition.

The synthesis of fluorinated C-mannopeptides and their evaluation as E- and P-selectin inhibitors is described. These molecules are difluorinated analogues of CH(2)-glycopeptides already reported to act as sLe(x) mimics. The alpha and beta anomers of these CF(2)-glycopeptides have been prepared, as well as their 1-hydroxy analogues which were present in solution as an equilibrium mixture of alpha- and beta-pyranose and alpha- and beta-furanose forms.

First efficient synthesis of fluorinated glycidic esters from ketones.

Treatment of various ketones with ethyl dibromofluoroacetate in the presence of diethylzinc and dimethylaminoethanol or triphenylphosphine provides rapid access to corresponding fluorinated glycidic esters. Simplified workup allowed first characterization of these compounds.

Diethylzinc-mediated one-step stereoselective synthesis of alpha-fluoroacrylates from aldehydes and ketones. Two different pathways depending on the carbonyl partner.

A efficient methodology allowing the one-pot stereoselective synthesis of alpha-fluoroacrylates, based on the addition of ethyl dibromofluoroacetate to a carbonyl derivative using diethylzinc as organometallic mediator, is described. Two different pathways have been identified depending on the involved carbonyl partner. In the case of aldehydes, an E2-type mechanism has been identified, whereas ketones go through an E1cb-type mechanism.

Psychollatine, a glucosidic monoterpene indole alkaloid from Psychotria umbellata.

A monoterpene indole alkaloid, psychollatine ( 1), was isolated from Psychotria umbellata leaves. Its structure was characterized by interpretation of spectroscopic data and by comparison of its NMR data with those of croceaine A ( 2) from Palicourea crocea. The configuration of psychollatine ( 1) was established by NOE difference and circular dichroism (CD) techniques, while its conformation was evaluated through molecular modeling studies and NMR coupling constants.

Synthesis of alpha-CF2-mannosides and their conversion to fluorinated pseudoglycopeptides.

A methodology allowing the synthesis alpha-CF(2)-mannosides, based on the addition of a difluoroenoxysilane to a glycal followed by a dihydroxylation reaction, is described. The resulting 2,2-difluoro-2-mannosylacetate is converted into two pseudoglycopeptides which may act as E- and P-selectin inhibitors.

Addition of difluoromethyl radicals to glycals: a new route to alpha-CF2-D-glycosides.

The synthesis of synthetically useful alpha-CF2-glycosides by radical addition of ethyl bromodifluoroacetate onto 2-benzyloxyglycals is described. The methodology provides an access to alpha-O-glycoside mimics and, potentially, to valuable alpha-O-glycoconjugate analogues.

Intramolecular hydrogen bonding in depsipeptides containing endo-3,6-tricyclo[6.2.1.0(2,7)]undeca-4,9-diene-3,6-endo-diol.

A variety of endo-3,6-tricyclo[6.2.1.

New synthesis of cis 5-tert-butyl-L-proline via cuprate. Evaluation as a cis proline mimetic in a biological active octapeptide.

cis 5-tert-butyl-L-proline (Cbp) was prepared rapidly and efficiently by the addition of low-valent tert-butyl cuprate to an aminal derived from proline. [Cbp(2), D-Leu(5)]-OP was then synthesized, showing a predominant cis peptide bond conformation, as confirmed by NMR.

A novel diastereoselective synthesis of (Z)-fluoroalkenes via a Nozaki-Hiyama-Kishi-type reaction.

A highly diastereoselective and straightforward synthesis for (Z)-2-fluoroallylic alcohols via a Nozaki-Hiyama-Kishi-type reaction with the corresponding bromofluoroolefins was developed, providing an easy access to highly interesting fluorinated synthons.

A facile and mild method for the synthesis of terminal bromofluoroolefins via diethylzinc-promoted Wittig reaction.

[reaction: see text] Synthesis of 1-bromo-1-fluoroolefins was achieved in good yields via a Wittig reaction promoted by diethylzinc, even with nonactivated aldehydes and ketones as starting materials.

Diastereoselective alkylation of 2,3,4,6-Di-O-isopropylidene-2-keto-L-gulonic amides. Application to the asymmetric synthesis of 1-substituted-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines and 1-substituted-1,2,3,4,-tetrahydro-beta-carbolines.

The diastereoselective alkylation of amides 3a,b and 7a,b derived from gulonic acid is described. Substituted compounds are obtained in good yield and high diastereoselectivity. A mechanistic investigation establishes that the diastereoselectivity did not arise from an initial asymmetric deprotonation.

Synthesis of alpha-substituted beta-amidophosphines by diastereoselective alkylation. A new access to chiral ligands for asymmetric catalysis.

Chiral beta-amidophosphine boranes 7a-f can be diastereoselectively alkylated, using O-protected amino-alcohols as chiral inducers, to furnish alpha-substituted beta-amidophosphine boranes 8a-f and 9-12 with up to 72% diastereoisomeric excess. Selective deprotection afforded optically pure carboxylic derivative 13 which is a key intermediate for the synthesis of various potential chiral ligands for asymmetric catalysis.

Brachycerine, a novel monoterpene indole alkaloid from Psychotria brachyceras.

Brachycerine (1), an unusual alkaloid from the leaves of Psychotria brachyceras, was characterized through spectroscopic data interpretation and its stereochemistry established by NOE difference techniques. Brachycerine (1) was found to be restricted to shoots in rooted cuttings of P. brachyceras (0.

Electrosynthesis of alpha-arylated beta-substituted cyclopropylphosphonates. Synthesis of a phosphonic analogue of minalcipran.

[reaction: see text] The synthesis of alpha-arylated beta-substituted cyclopropylphosphonates was efficiently achieved by electroreduction of diethyl alpha,alpha-dichlorobenzylphosphonate in the presence of Michael acceptors in a one-compartment cell equipped with a magnesium sacrificial anode.

Synthesis and conformational analysis of two 2-oxopiperazine-containing tetrapeptide analogues.

One unsubstituted and one stereoselectively prepared 3-(S)-substituted-2-oxopiperazine have been used as dipeptide templates to generate tetrapeptide analogues. NMR analysis shows that these tetrapeptide analogues present an inverse gamma-turn conformation in chloroform.