Simultaneous Unbinned Differential Cross-Section Measurement of Twenty-Four Z+jets Kinematic Observables with the ATLAS Detector.

Z boson events at the Large Hadron Collider can be selected with high purity and are sensitive to a diverse range of QCD phenomena. As a result, these events are often used to probe the nature of the strong force, improve Monte Carlo event generators, and search for deviations from standard model predictions. All previous measurements of Z boson production characterize the event properties using a small number of observables and present the results as differential cross sections in predetermined bins.

Photochemical Evolution of Alanine in Association with the Martian Soil Analog Montmorillonite: Insights Derived from Experiments Conducted on the International Space Station.

The (PSS) experiment was part of the European Space Agency's mission and was conducted on the International Space Station from 2014 to 2016. The PSS experiment investigated the properties of montmorillonite clay as a protective shield against degradation of organic compounds that were exposed to elevated levels of ultraviolet (UV) radiation in space. Additionally, we examined the potential for montmorillonite to catalyze UV-induced breakdown of the amino acid alanine and its potential to trap the resulting photochemical byproducts within its interlayers.

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting and Principal Component Analysis Strategies Lead to Anti-Tuberculosis Natural Product Discovery from Actinomycetes.

Background: The increasing prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) underscores the urgent need for novel antimicrobial agents.

Methods: This study integrates cultivation optimization, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) fingerprinting, and principal component analysis (PCA) to explore microbial secondary metabolites as potential anti-TB agents.

Results: Using the combined approach, 11 bioactive compounds were isolated and identified, all exhibiting anti- BCG activity.

The Contribution of Adverse Childhood Experiences and Neighborhood Characteristics on Outcomes Experienced by Urban Dwelling Black Men After Serious Traumatic Injury.

Depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are serious consequences of physical injuries. Stress associated with living in urban neighborhoods with socioecological disadvantages and the cumulative burdens of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) can lead to poorer psychological outcomes. Limited research has explored how ACEs and socioecological environmental exposures in childhood and adulthood, together, impact post-injury outcomes.

Trends in Incidence of Invasive Lobular Carcinoma of the Breast by Race: Patterns by Age, Cancer Stage, and Socioeconomic Factors in the United States, 1992-2019.

Purpose: There is scarce literature about the role of race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status on the incidence of invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC). We sought to assess trends in ILC incidence by race/ethnicity across age, cancer stage, and socioeconomic status subgroups in the United States from 1992 to 2019.

Methods: This population-based cross-sectional study included data from SEER12 registries.

Tricuspid Anteroposterior Patch Repair: Optimization of Patch Geometry in an Ex Vivo Model.

Background: Tricuspid anteroposterior patch (TRAPP) repair aims to address shortcomings of traditional annuloplasty in functional tricuspid regurgitation by selectively enlarging and translocating the anterior and posterior leaflets, but optimal patch width has not been identified.

Methods: An ex vivo model of the tricuspid valve was established in fresh porcine hearts by pneumatic pressurization of the ventricles. TRAPP repair was performed with patches of varying width (group 1, 1.

Host metabolism balances microbial regulation of bile acid signalling.

Metabolites derived from the intestinal microbiota, including bile acids (BA), extensively modulate vertebrate physiology, including development, metabolism, immune responses and cognitive function. However, to what extent host responses balance the physiological effects of microbiota-derived metabolites remains unclear. Here, using untargeted metabolomics of mouse tissues, we identified a family of BA-methylcysteamine (BA-MCY) conjugates that are abundant in the intestine and dependent on vanin 1 (VNN1), a pantetheinase highly expressed in intestinal tissues.

Disentangling Sources of Momentum Fluctuations in Xe+Xe and Pb+Pb Collisions with the ATLAS Detector.

High-energy nuclear collisions create a quark-gluon plasma, whose initial condition and subsequent expansion vary from event to event, impacting the distribution of the eventwise average transverse momentum [P([p_{T}])]. Disentangling the contributions from fluctuations in the nuclear overlap size (geometrical component) and other sources at a fixed size (intrinsic component) remains a challenge. This problem is addressed by measuring the mean, variance, and skewness of P([p_{T}]) in ^{208}Pb+^{208}Pb and ^{129}Xe+^{129}Xe collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.

Mortality Risk Prediction Models for People With Kidney Failure: A Systematic Review.

Importance: People with kidney failure have a high risk of death and poor quality of life. Mortality risk prediction models may help them decide which form of treatment they prefer.

Objective: To systematically review the quality of existing mortality prediction models for people with kidney failure and assess whether they can be applied in clinical practice.

Ganglioneuroma: a rare appendiceal tumour - case report and literature review.

Ganglioneuromas (GN) are tumours of ectodermal origin, derived from the neural crest cells. Appendiceal GN are extremely rare, with only eight contemporary case reports in the literature. Being benign and indolent, the necessity of resection for GNs is often debated.

Diet as an Adjunct Therapy in Reducing Chemotherapy Toxicities and Improving Patients Quality of Life: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This review analyzed existing literature regarding the relationship between different diets and chemotherapy toxicities, as well as the quality of life (QOL) among patients undergoing treatment. It aims to identify the most advantageous diet for cancer patients. PubMed, CINAHL, and Embase were used to select randomized control trials (RCTs) assessing the relationship between a specific diet and chemotherapy toxicities and/or QOL in patients as of October 2023.

Peritoneal dialysis and its impact on intra-abdominal pressure and respiratory mechanics in the critically ill patient: Can PD take the pressure?

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) was historically the initial kidney replacement modality of choice for patients admitted to the intensive care unit, and there are several advantages to maintaining critically ill PD patients on their usual dialysis therapy. However, in this patient population, there are two contentious questions: how are the respiratory dynamics of mechanical ventilation impacted by the presence of dialysate within the abdomen, and what can be done to mitigate these potential effects? This review discusses the theoretical impact of PD on intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) and evidence for the effect of IAP on respiratory mechanics in mechanically ventilated PD patients.

Efficacy of Treatments After Lenvatinib in Patients with Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Background And Objective: Lenvatinib is a multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) used in the upfront and refractory settings for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). However, there are limited data on the efficacy of subsequent TKI therapies after lenvatinib. We investigated the activity of TKI therapies after lenvatinib in patients with mRCC.

Data-driven analysis identifies novel modulation of social behavior in female mice witnessing chronic social defeat stress.

Background: Chronic social defeat stress is a widely used depression model in male mice. Several proposed adaptations extend this model to females with variable, often marginal effects. We examine if the widely used male-defined metrics of stress are suboptimal in females witnessing defeat.

Development of immunocompetent full thickness skin tissue constructs to model skin fibrosis for high-throughput drug screening.

The lack of the immune component in most of the engineered skin models remains a challenge to study the interplay between different immune and non-immune cell types of the skin. Immunocompetent humanskin models offer potential advantages in recapitulatinglike behavior which can serve to accelerate translational research and therapeutics development for skin diseases. Here we describe a three-dimensional human full-thickness skin (FTS) equivalent incorporating polarized M1 and M2 macrophages from human peripheral CD14monocytes.

Midterm survival, clinical, and hemodynamic outcomes of a novel mechanical mitral valve prosthesis.

Objective: To evaluate the midterm survival, clinical, and hemodynamic outcomes of the On-X mechanical mitral valve, based on the 5-year results of the Prospective Randomized On-X Anticoagulation Clinical Trial (PROACT).

Method: PROACT Mitral was a multicenter study evaluating 401 patients who underwent mitral valve replacement (MVR) with either Standard or Conform-X On-X mitral valves, comparing low-dose and standard-dose warfarin. Here we report prespecified secondary outcomes of survival, New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional classification, and valve hemodynamics as assessed by core lab-adjudicated echocardiography at 1, 3, and 5 years in the pooled population.

Prospective Analysis of Arteriovenous Fistula Performance in the Context of Competing Risks.

Background: Many patients with newly created arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) may die before the AVF is needed for hemodialysis. However, formal competing risks frameworks are rarely used to report AVF patency, which may lead to biased estimates. We sought to identify the proportion of newly created AVF experiencing primary non-function and to describe long-term patency using a competing risk framework.

Longitudinal analyses of infants' microbiome and metabolome reveal microbes and metabolites with seemingly coordinated dynamics.

Population studies have shown that the infant's microbiome and metabolome undergo significant changes in early childhood. However, no previous study has investigated how diverse these changes are across subjects and whether the subject-specific dynamics of some microbes correlate with the over-time dynamics of specific metabolites. Using mixed-effects models, and data from the ABC study, we investigated the early childhood dynamics of fecal microbiome and metabolome and identified 83 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) and 753 metabolites with seemingly coordinated trajectories.

Establishing a peritoneal dialysis technique survival core outcome measure: A standardised outcomes in nephrology-peritoneal dialysis consensus workshop report.

Background: Technique survival, also reported with negative connotations as technique failure or transfer from peritoneal dialysis to haemodialysis, has been identified by patients, caregivers and health professionals as a critically important outcome to be reported in all trials. However, there is wide variation in how peritoneal dialysis technique survival is defined, measured and reported, leading to difficulty in comparing or consolidating results.

Methods: We conducted an online international consensus workshop to establish a core outcome measure of technique survival.

Tricuspid Anterior and Posterior Patch (TRAPP) Repair of Functional Tricuspid Regurgitation.

Objective: Annuloplasty is the most common strategy for repair of functional tricuspid regurgitation (FTR) but is not effective in patients with massive/torrential FTR or leaflet tethering. To address the deficits of tricuspid annuloplasty, TRicuspid Anterior and Posterior Patch (TRAPP) repair was developed, which is a pericardial patch augmentation of the anterior and posterior leaflets.

Methods: To test this repair, a previously validated ex vivo model in an explanted porcine heart was used, wherein annular and leaflet geometry were evaluated using a 3-dimensional structured light scanner at 4 time points: (1) baseline, (2) induction of FTR, (3) annuloplasty repair, and (4) patch repair.

Recent advances in peritoneal dialysis catheter placement: the association between method of insertion, operator, and prior abdominal surgery and outcomes.

Purpose Of Review: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is associated with comparable outcomes to hemodialysis and is much less expensive to provide in most parts of the world. A well functioning PD catheter is required, but complications are frequent, and while there are guidelines for the placement and care of a PD access, they are based on low-quality evidence.

Recent Findings: Data reporting the outcomes of percutaneous, as compared to surgical pathways for placement of catheters and the role of operator type in determining outcomes are examined.

Search for the Exclusive W Boson Hadronic Decays W^{±}→π^{±}γ, W^{±}→K^{±}γ and W^{±}→ρ^{±}γ with the ATLAS Detector.

A search for the exclusive hadronic decays W^{±}→π^{±}γ, W^{±}→K^{±}γ, and W^{±}→ρ^{±}γ is performed using up to 140  fb^{-1} of proton-proton collisions recorded with the ATLAS detector at a center-of-mass energy of sqrt[s]=13  TeV. If observed, these rare processes would provide a unique test bench for the quantum chromodynamics factorization formalism used to calculate cross sections at colliders. Additionally, at future colliders, these decays could offer a new way to measure the W boson mass through fully reconstructed decay products.