UK Biobank retinal imaging grading: methodology, baseline characteristics and findings for common ocular diseases.

Background/objectives: This study aims to describe the grading methods and baseline characteristics for UK Biobank (UKBB) participants who underwent retinal imaging in 2009-2010, and to characterise individuals with retinal features suggestive of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), glaucoma and retinopathy.

Methods: Non-mydriatic colour fundus photographs and macular optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans were manually graded by Central Administrative Research Facility certified graders and quality assured by clinicians of the Network of Ophthalmic Reading Centres UK. Captured retinal features included those associated with AMD (≥1 drusen, pigmentary changes, geographic atrophy or exudative AMD; either imaging modality), glaucoma (≥0.

Automated selection of changepoints using empirical -values and trimming.

Objectives: One challenge that arises when analyzing mobile health (mHealth) data is that updates to the proprietary algorithms that process these data can change apparent patterns. Since the timings of these updates are not publicized, an analytic approach is necessary to determine whether changes in mHealth data are due to lifestyle behaviors or algorithmic updates. Existing methods for identifying changepoints do not consider multiple types of changepoints, may require prespecifying the number of changepoints, and often involve nonintuitive parameters.

A deep dive into the morphokinetics and ploidy of low-quality blastocysts.

Objective: To describe morphokinetic parameters and ploidy among low-quality blastocysts not meeting the criteria for clinical use.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: Academic medical center.

Report of Prolonged Neonatal Hypoglycemia in Three Infants of Mothers With Variants in .

Background/objective: Genetic variants in hepatic nuclear factor 1α () cause maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY). We sought to examine whether MODY variants also cause neonatal hypoglycemia.

Case Report: We present 3 infants with variants in shared with their mothers.

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel O-substituted tryptanthrin oxime derivatives as c-Jun -terminal kinase inhibitors.

The c-Jun -terminal kinase (JNK) family includes three proteins (JNK1-3) that regulate many physiological processes, including inflammatory responses, morphogenesis, cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and cell death. Therefore, JNK represents an attractive target for therapeutic intervention. Herein, a panel of novel tryptanthrin oxime analogs were synthesized and evaluated for JNK1-3 binding (K) and inhibition of cellular inflammatory responses (IC).

Health Insurance Coverage, Clinical Outcomes, and Health-Related Quality of Life Among Youth Born to Women Living With HIV.

Background: Although sustained access to health care is essential, little is known about the relationship between insurance coverage and health among people born to women living with HIV (WLHIV).

Setting: Prospective cohort studies of youth and young adults born to WLHIV from 2007 to 2019.

Methods: We used adjusted generalized estimating equation models to estimate mean differences in, and relative risks (RRs) of, health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) and HIV disease measures over time by insurance status.

Neuroprotective Effects of the Lithium Salt of a Novel JNK Inhibitor in an Animal Model of Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion.

The c-Jun -terminal kinases (JNKs) regulate many physiological processes, including inflammatory responses, morphogenesis, cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and cell death. Therefore, JNKs represent attractive targets for therapeutic intervention. In an effort to develop improved JNK inhibitors, we synthesized the lithium salt of 11-indeno[1,2-]quinoxaline-11-one oxime () and evaluated its affinity for JNK and biological activity in vitro and in vivo.

Protocol for community-driven selection of strategies to implement evidence-based practices to reduce opioid overdoses in the HEALing Communities Study: a trial to evaluate a community-engaged intervention in Kentucky, Massachusetts, New York and Ohio.

Introduction: Opioid-involved overdose deaths continue to surge in many communities, despite numerous evidence-based practices (EBPs) that exist to prevent them. The HEALing Communities Study (HCS) was launched to develop and test an intervention (ie, Communities That HEAL (CTH)) that supports communities in expanding uptake of EBPs to reduce opioid-involved overdose deaths. This paper describes a protocol for a process foundational to the CTH intervention through which community coalitions select strategies to implement EBPs locally.

Evaluating the Practice of Pediatric Nurse Practitioners: Is It Time for Dual Primary and Acute Care Preparation?

This survey aimed to evaluate contemporary pediatric nurse practitioner (PNP) practice as it relates to the competencies of both the primary and acute care population focus and settings of practice to guide curriculum revisions. The design of the study was a cross-sectional survey of PNPs certified by the Pediatric Nursing Certification Board. There were 2,265 surveys completed.

People's reports of unexpected events for everyday scenarios: Over 1000 textual responses, human-labelled for valence/sentiment, controllability and topic category.

With this article, we present a repository containing datasets, analysis code, and some outputs related to a paper in press at . The data were collected as part of a pre-test, pilot test, and main study all designed in SurveyGizmo and participants recruited via Prolific.co (combined N=303).

Evaluating Medic Performance in Combat Casualty Care Simulation and Training: A Scoping Review of Prospective Research.

Introduction: Combat medics are required to perform highly technical medical procedures in austere environments with minimal error. Effective means to quantify medic performance in field and simulated environments are critical to optimize medic training procedures as well as to evaluate the influence of medical equipment and other supportive technologies on medic performance. Human performance evaluation in combat casualty care presents many unique challenges due to the unique environment (battlefields) and population (medics) that must be represented.

Reproductive and developmental toxicity of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) in the white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus).

Concerns about per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) stem from their ubiquitous presence in the environment, bioaccumulation, resistance to degradation, and toxicity. Previously, toxicity data relevant to ecological risk assessment has largely been aquatic, terrestrial invertebrates, or avian in origin. In this study, repeated oral exposures of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) were administered to white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) to evaluate effects on reproduction and development.

Factors related to recruitment and retention of patients into diabetes group visits in Federally Qualified Health Centers.

Unlabelled: RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To examine factors related to recruitment of eligible patients and retention of enrolled patients in diabetes group visits (GVs).

Method: As part of a cluster randomized trial, 272 eligible patients were contacted and 75 patients were eventually enrolled in GVs at six community health centers (CHC). Fisher's exact tests and χ tests were used to compare enrolled and nonenrolled patients by patient recruitment method, gender and preferred language.

Genetic Toolbox Approaches in Mosquitoes.

Mosquitoes are fascinating and diverse study organisms that are rapidly becoming genetically tractable. Here, we review the latest and most commonly used approaches to silence or edit genes and express transgenes in mosquitoes. We also focus on gene drives-a genetic technology that may prove essential for combating mosquito-borne diseases.

Health Care Burden and Expenditure Associated with Adverse Childhood Experiences in Tennessee and Virginia.

To estimate attributable burden and costs of conditions associated with exposure to Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) in Tennessee (TN) and Virginia (VA) during 2017. This is a cross-sectional study of individuals aged 18+ having exposure to ACEs using Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data. Eight chronic diseases (asthma, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), depression, cardiovascular disease, and arthritis) and two risk factors (smoking and drinking) associated with ACEs were analyzed.

Neutrophil Immunomodulatory Activity of (-)-Borneol, a Major Component of Essential Oils Extracted from .

(Pursh) Dunal is used in traditional medicine for treating various diseases; however, little is known about the immunomodulatory activity of essential oils from this plant. Thus, we isolated essential oils from the flowers (GEO) and leaves (GEO) of and evaluated the chemical composition and innate immunomodulatory activity of these essential oils. Compositional analysis of these essential oils revealed that the main components were α-pinene (24.

Impact of the Addition of a Centrifugal Pump in a Preterm Miniature Pig Model of the Artificial Placenta.

The recent demonstration of normal development of preterm sheep in an artificial extrauterine environment has renewed interest in artificial placenta (AP) systems as a potential treatment strategy for extremely preterm human infants. However, the feasibility of translating this technology to the human preterm infant remains unknown. Here we report the support of 13 preterm fetal pigs delivered at 102 ± 4 days (d) gestation, weighing 616 ± 139 g with a circuit consisting of an oxygenator and a centrifugal pump, comparing these results with our previously reported pumpless circuit ( = 12; 98 ± 4 days; 743 ± 350 g).

Provision of infertility care for the underserved in reproductive endocrinology and infertility practices associated with obstetrics and gynecology residency training programs in the United States.

Objective: To survey practice patterns designed to increase access to infertility care and evaluate the exposure of obstetrics and gynecology residents to infertility care for the underserved.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Setting: Reproductive endocrinology and infertility (REI) practices associated with Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education-accredited obstetrics and gynecology residency training programs.