Sparsity of Population Activity in the Hippocampus Is Task-Invariant Across the Trisynaptic Circuit and Dorsoventral Axis.

Evidence from neurophysiological and genetic studies demonstrates that activity sparsity-the proportion of neurons that are active at a given time in a population-systematically varies across the canonical trisynaptic circuit of the hippocampus. Recent work has also shown that sparsity varies across the hippocampal dorsoventral (long) axis, wherein activity is sparser in ventral than dorsal regions. While the hippocampus has a critical role in long-term memory (LTM), whether sparsity across the trisynaptic circuit and hippocampal long axis is task-dependent or invariant remains unknown.

Identifying representational structure in CA1 to benchmark theoretical models of cognitive mapping.

Decades of theoretical and empirical work have suggested the hippocampus instantiates some form of a cognitive map. Yet, tests of competing theories have been limited in scope and largely qualitative in nature. Here, we develop a novel framework to benchmark model predictions against observed neuronal population dynamics as animals navigate a series of geometrically distinct environments.

A Virtual Communication Workshop to Increase Confidence Using Telehealth Modalities.

Introduction: COVID-19 ended in-person communication training workshops at our institution, so we sought to provide a way for family medicine residents to hone their telephone and audio-visual skills online.

Methods: We developed a 2-hour online workshop where residents practiced delivering serious news to family members via telephone or videoconferencing call and measured participant confidence via pre-, post-, and 6-month surveys.

Results: Participant confidence in delivering serious news via telephone and videoconferencing increased.

Erratum: Piezo1 induces endothelial responses to shear stress via soluble adenylyl Cyclase-IPR2 circuit.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.

End binding-3 inhibitor activates regenerative program in age-related macular degeneration.

Wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD), characterized by leaky neovessels emanating from the choroid, is a main cause of blindness. As current treatments for wet AMD require regular intravitreal injections of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) biologics, there is a need for the development of less invasive treatments. Here, we designed an allosteric inhibitor of end binding-3 (EB3) protein, termed EBIN, which reduces the effects of environmental stresses on endothelial cells by limiting pathological calcium signaling.

Time and experience are independent determinants of representational drift in CA1.

In this issue of Neuron, Khatib et al. and Geva et al. present complementary and breakthrough discoveries demonstrating that elapsed time and active experience independently affect unique aspects of representational drift in the hippocampus.

Piezo1 induces endothelial responses to shear stress via soluble adenylyl Cyclase-IPR2 circuit.

Endothelial cells (ECs) continuously sense and adapt to changes in shear stress generated by blood flow. Here, we show that the activation of the mechanosensitive channel Piezo1 by defined shear forces induces Ca entry into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) via the ER Ca ATPase pump. This entry is followed by inositol trisphosphate receptor 2 (IPR2)-elicited ER Ca release into the cytosol.

Effects of Personalized Music on Caregivers of Older Adults With Dementia in the Community.

Introduction: Music is a relatively low-cost and low-risk approach to managing the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia.

Objective: This exploratory study provided personalized music for 3 months to 25 older adults with dementia living in their homes with a caregiver and measured how the intervention affected the caregivers, including their perception of distress.

Methods: Caregivers completed the Caregiving Distress Scale (CDS) at pre- and postintervention and also participated in semistructured, in-depth, qualitative interviews.

Place navigation in the Morris water task results in greater nuclear Arc mRNA expression in dorsal compared to ventral CA1.

Previous work has shown that the dorsal hippocampus has greater activity than ventral regions during place navigation. Exposure to a novel context has also been found to increase hippocampal activation, possibly due to increased spatial demands. However, activation patterns in dorsal and ventral regions have not been investigated in the Morris water task (MWT), which remains the most popular assay of place memory in rodents.

N-cadherin signaling via Trio assembles adherens junctions to restrict endothelial permeability.

Vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin forms homotypic adherens junctions (AJs) in the endothelium, whereas N-cadherin forms heterotypic adhesion between endothelial cells and surrounding vascular smooth muscle cells and pericytes. Here we addressed the question whether both cadherin adhesion complexes communicate through intracellular signaling and contribute to the integrity of the endothelial barrier. We demonstrated that deletion of N-cadherin () in either endothelial cells or pericytes increases junctional endothelial permeability in lung and brain secondary to reduced accumulation of VE-cadherin at AJs.

Use of Oxygen at the End of Life: Attitudes, Beliefs, and Practices in Wisconsin.

Introduction: Oxygen therapy for the management of breathlessness remains controversial and little information is available regarding the practice of using oxygen at end of life. Oxygen use in end-of-life care is increasingly being questioned, while the use of oxygen for routine "comfort care" at end of life continues.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of oxygen at the end of life and to understand its role in contemporary palliative care practice.

Navigating Evidence-Based Practice Projects: The Faculty Role.

: An innovative way to facilitate evidence-based practice (EBP) learning and to get evidence into practice is through academic-clinical agency projects involving faculty, undergraduate students, and agency staff. The central role of the faculty is key to successful academic-clinical agency partnerships. Faculty navigate the often difficult process of focusing students and engaging busy staff through initiating, maintaining, and evaluating projects.

Burnout and death anxiety in hospice social workers.

Hospice work has been regarded as particularly stressful due to the complexity inherent in the provision of end-of-life care. Burnout and death anxiety are especially relevant to hospice social workers because they regularly function in a high-stress, high-loss environment. The purpose of this study was threefold: to determine the prevalence of burnout and death anxiety among hospice social workers; to examine associations between burnout and death anxiety; and to explore the factors which may contribute to the development of death anxiety and burnout.

Use of oxygen at the end of life: on what basis are decisions made?

Discussing and conducting research on end-of-life issues is often difficult. However, it is important to initiate a dialogue about various topics surrounding death and dying. This paper looks at the available scientific literature relating to oxygen use at the end of life, describes associated attitudes and beliefs, and presents some brief examples of institutional practices.