Transepithelial invasion and intramesenchymal infiltration of the chick embryo chorioallantois by tumor cell lines.

The ability of cultured tumor cell lines to invade across epithelia was studied by placing 10(4) to 10(6) dispersed cells on the chorionic epithelium (CE) of the chorioallantoic membrane of the 10-day chick embryo. Tumor lines included Walker carcinosarcoma, F87 cl 6T2 and B16-BL6 melanomas, and KiSV-NIH, 3B77SC4, and HT 1080 sarcomas. The CE is a bilayer of cells with a superficial periderm overlying a basal layer.

Compartment syndrome of the forearm and hand: a case report.

A severe compartment syndrome, involving all muscles of the forearm and hand, developed in a 25-year-old man following an erroneous injection of hypertonic saline for intravenous regional anesthesia. The treatment was complete fasciotomy of the forearm and hand musculature. The release of the hand musculature consisted of a longitudinal incision over the thenar and hypothenar muscles and a wide incision to expose the dorsal interossei.

Adenomatoid tumors of the uterus.

Adenomatoid tumors arising in the uterus are not well-recognized and are sometimes mistaken for other benign or malignant neoplasms. This study is a clinicopathologic analysis of 12 uterine adenomatoid tumors. Characteristically, they were small nodular lesions (mean diameter 2.

Inhibition of plasminogen activator release from transformed chicken fibroblasts by a protease inhibitor.

Chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF) transformed by Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) exhibit increases in both a cell-associated and a secreted form of plasminogen activator (PA). The mechanism whereby the membrane-bound, cell-associated form of PA is processed to an extracellular, soluble form has been examined in cultures of chicken fibroblasts transformed by a temperature-sensitive mutant of RSV. We report that chymostatin, a protease inhibitor of limited specificity, inhibits the release of PA from tsRSVCEF while causing accumulation of cell-associated PA.

Relationship of side effects to patient position during and after metrizamide lumbar myelography.

A prospective study of 189 patients was performed to determine the type and incidence of side effects as a function of patient positioning after metrizamide lumbar myelography. Results indicated no difference in side effects if the patients are kept in bed or allowed to ambulate, as long as their heads are elevated above 45 degrees from horizontal. However, the incidence of complications is significantly reduced if conus or lower thoracic spine views are obtained with the patient in supine position.

Characterization of proinsulin- and proglucagon-converting activities in isolated islet secretory granules.

The conversion of proglucagon and proinsulin by secretory granules isolated from both prelabeled and unlabeled anglerfish islets was investigated. Either granules isolated from tissue labeled with [3H]tryptophan and [14C]isoleucine or [35S]cysteine, or lysed granules from unlabeled tissue to which exogenously labeled prohormones had been added were incubated under various conditions. Acetic acid extracts of these granule preparations were analyzed for prohormone and hormone content by gel filtration.

Time-dependent inhibition of tuberculin-induced lymphocyte DNA synthesis by a serine protease inhibitor.

Diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP), a group-specific irreversible inhibitor of serine proteases, has been shown to exert time-dependent inhibition of DNA synthesis of lymphocytes stimulated by three different B lymphocyte mitogens: purified protein derivative of tuberculin (PPD), endotoxin protein (EP), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The time-dependent inhibition profile found in B lymphocytes is absent in concanavalin A (Con A)-stimulated T lymphocytes. Structural analogs of DFP, which have lost the phosphorylating ability, are not inhibitory.

Protease inhibitor antipain suppresses 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate induction of plasminogen activator in transformable mouse embryo fibroblasts.

Plasminogen activator (PA) activity was analyzed in normal and transformed 10T1/2 mouse fibroblasts treated with the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and the protease inhibitors antipain, leupeptin, and soybean trypsin inhibitor (SBTI). TPA induced PA activity in normal 10T1/2 cells was inhibited by antipain. Transformed 10T1/2 cells maintained high levels of PA activity which were not further stimulated by the addition of TPA.

Plasminogen activator and the membrane of transformed cells.

Studies have been conducted on the enzyme plasminogen activator (PA) in cultures of RSV transformed CEF. The enzyme exists in two forms, a soluble extracellular form (PAex) and a cell-associated form that is firmly bound to specific membranes (PAmem) when cell homogenates are subfractionated. Both forms of the enzyme are induced in a synergistic fashion by treatment of RSVCEF with the tumor promoter phorbol myristate acetate (PMA).

Phorbol ester-induced morphological changes in transformed chick fibroblasts: evidence for direct catalytic involvement of plasminogen activator.

The tumor promoter phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) induces the production of the serine protease plasminogen activator (PA) in cultures of normal chick embryo fibroblasts (CEF) and synergistically enhances PA production in Rous sarcoma virus-transformed chick embryo fibroblasts (RSVCEF). Following PMA treatment of serum-free RSVCEF cultures, PA induction is accompanied by distinct morphological changes, including enhanced cell clustering and the formation of dense cellular aggregates. These alterations in the morphology of the PMA-treated transformed cells are inhibited by several protease inhibitors, including leupeptin, NPGB, SBTI, benzamidine and DFP, the specific inhibitor of serine enzymes.

Butorphanol/acetaminophen double-blind study in postoperative pain.

An oral butorphanol/acetaminophen (4 mg/650 mg) combination product was evaluated for analgesic activity in 120 postoperative patients employing a double-blind experimental design. The combination product was significantly (p less than 0.05) superior to either butorphanol (4 mg) or acetaminophen (650 mg) as well as placebo.

Synergistic effect of tumor virus transformation and tumor promoter treatment on the production of plasminogen activator by chick embryo fibroblasts.

Cultures of Rous sarcoma virus-transformed chick embryo fibroblasts (RSVCEF) produce 50-fold more of the protease plasminogen activator (PA), than do normal chick embryo fibroblasts. Treatment of RSVCEF cultures with the tumor promoter phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) further enhances (8- to 12-fold) the level of PA activity. Increased levels of PA activity in RSVCEF are observed as early as 1 to 2 hr after PMA treatment.

Binding and internalization of 125I thrombin in chick embryo fibroblasts: possible role in mitogenesis.

Human alpha thrombin acts as a mitogen for cultures of resting chick embryo fibroblasts (CEF) in serum free medium. The use of 125I-labeled thrombin shows that thrombin specifically binds to CEF and that after a lag of approximately 30 to 60 minutes it can not be removed by subsequent exposure to trypsin. The entry of 125I thrombin into the trypsin-insensitive domain is not inhibited to any great extent by excess unlabelled thrombin.

Attack of sea urchin eggs by dogfish phagocytes: model of phagocyte-mediated cellular cytotoxicity.

To test whether lysosomal degranulation of phagocytes is associated with antibody-dependent cytotoxicity, eggs of Arbacia punctulata were used as targets for blood phagocytes of Mustelus canis. Eggs were coated with heat-aggregated dogfish IgM and exposed to phagocytes, and cytolysis of eggs was observed by Nomarski optics. Phagocytes adhered, degranulated, and raised fertilization membranes resembling those induced by sperm or ionophore A23187.

An experimental model of acute immune-complex uveitis.

We developed an experimental model of anterior uveitis by injecting ovalbumin or bovine serum albumin into the anterior chamber of sensitized rabbits. All the eyes showed leakage of serum proteins into the aqueous humor within 30 min. and developed uveitis within 24 hrs.

Direct fluorescent assay of urokinase and plasminogen activators of normal and malignant cells: kinetics and inhibitor profiles.

A direct rate assay for plasminogen activator has been developed using a synthetic fluorogenic peptide substrate, 7-(N-Cbz-glycylglycylargininamido)-4-methylcoumarin trifluoroacetate. The assay correlates well with the standard 125I-labeled fibrin plate assay using highly purified urokinase, culture fluids from WI-38, Chinese hamster vary or HeLa cells, or Rous sarcoma virus-transformed chick fibroblasts as the source of plasminogen activator. The assay is sensitive, rapid, and linear throughout a wide range of enzyme concentrations.