Centrally mediated responses to NMES are influenced by muscle group and stimulation parameters.

Wide-pulse high-frequency neuromuscular electrical stimulation (WPHF NMES) can generate a progressive increase in tetanic force through reflexive recruitment of motor units, called extra force. This phenomenon has previously been observed on different muscle groups, but little is known on potential inter-muscle differences. We compared extra force and sustained electromyographic (EMG) activity induced by NMES between plantar flexors, knee extensors, elbow flexors and within muscle groups using pulse durations of 0.