Asciminib add-on to imatinib demonstrates sustained high rates of ongoing therapy and deep molecular responses with prolonged follow-up in the ASC4MORE study.

Background: Up to 65% of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) who are treated with imatinib do not achieve sustained deep molecular response, which is required to attempt treatment-free remission. Asciminib is the only approved BCR::ABL1 inhibitor that Specifically Targets the ABL Myristoyl Pocket. This unique mechanism of action allows asciminib to be combined with adenosine triphosphate-competitive tyrosine kinase inhibitors to prevent resistance and enhance efficacy.

Enhancing Radiologist Efficiency with AI: A Multi-Reader Multi-Case Study on Aortic Dissection Detection and Prioritization.

Background And Objectives: Acute aortic dissection (AD) is a life-threatening condition in which early detection can significantly improve patient outcomes and survival. This study evaluates the clinical benefits of integrating a deep learning (DL)-based application for the automated detection and prioritization of AD on chest CT angiographies (CTAs) with a focus on the reduction in the scan-to-assessment time (STAT) and interpretation time (IT).

Materials And Methods: This retrospective Multi-Reader Multi-Case (MRMC) study compared AD detection with and without artificial intelligence (AI) assistance.

Contribution of an Artificial Intelligence Tool in the Detection of Incidental Pulmonary Embolism on Oncology Assessment Scans.

Introduction: The incidence of venous thromboembolism is estimated to be around 3% of cancer patients. However, a majority of incidental pulmonary embolism (iPE) can be overlooked by radiologists in asymptomatic patients, performing CT scans for disease surveillance, which may significantly impact the patient's health and management. Routine imaging in oncology is usually reviewed with delayed hours after the acquisition of images.

Diagnostic Performance of a Deep Learning-Powered Application for Aortic Dissection Triage Prioritization and Classification.

This multicenter retrospective study evaluated the diagnostic performance of a deep learning (DL)-based application for detecting, classifying, and highlighting suspected aortic dissections (ADs) on chest and thoraco-abdominal CT angiography (CTA) scans. CTA scans from over 200 U.S.

Performance and clinical utility of an artificial intelligence-enabled tool for pulmonary embolism detection.

Purpose: Diagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) is still challenging due to other conditions that can mimic its appearance, leading to incomplete or delayed management and several inter-observer variabilities. This study evaluated the performance and clinical utility of an artificial intelligence (AI)-based application designed to assist clinicians in the detection of PE on CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA).

Patients And Methods: CTPAs from 230 US cities acquired on 57 scanner models from 6 different vendors were retrospectively collected.

Deep Learning-Based Algorithm for Automatic Detection of Pulmonary Embolism in Chest CT Angiograms.

Purpose: Since the prompt recognition of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) and the immediate initiation of treatment can significantly reduce the risk of death, we developed a deep learning (DL)-based application aimed to automatically detect PEs on chest computed tomography angiograms (CTAs) and alert radiologists for an urgent interpretation. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) were used to design the application. The associated algorithm used a hybrid 3D/2D UNet topology.

Asciminib vs bosutinib in chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia previously treated with at least two tyrosine kinase inhibitors: longer-term follow-up of ASCEMBL.

Asciminib, the first BCR::ABL1 inhibitor that Specifically Targets the ABL Myristoyl Pocket (STAMP), is approved worldwide for the treatment of adults with Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (CML-CP) treated with ≥2 prior tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). In ASCEMBL, patients with CML-CP treated with ≥2 prior TKIs were randomized (stratified by baseline major cytogenetic response [MCyR]) 2:1 to asciminib 40 mg twice daily or bosutinib 500 mg once daily. Consistent with previously published primary analysis results, after a median follow-up of 2.

A phase 3, open-label, randomized study of asciminib, a STAMP inhibitor, vs bosutinib in CML after 2 or more prior TKIs.

Patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (CML-CP) resistant/intolerant to ≥2 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are at high risk of experiencing poor outcomes because of disease biology and inadequate efficacy and/or safety of current therapies. Asciminib, a first-in-class BCR-ABL1 inhibitor Specifically Targeting the ABL Myristoyl Pocket (STAMP), has the potential to overcome resistance/intolerance to approved TKIs. In this phase 3, open-label study, patients with CML-CP previously treated with ≥2 TKIs were randomized (2:1) to receive asciminib 40 mg twice daily vs bosutinib 500 mg once daily.

Validation of a Deep Learning Tool in the Detection of Intracranial Hemorrhage and Large Vessel Occlusion.

Recently developed machine-learning algorithms have demonstrated strong performance in the detection of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) and large vessel occlusion (LVO). However, their generalizability is often limited by geographic bias of studies. The aim of this study was to validate a commercially available deep learning-based tool in the detection of both ICH and LVO across multiple hospital sites and vendors throughout the U.

Phase 2 study of nilotinib in pediatric patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia.

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is rare in children and accounts for ≤15% of all myeloid leukemia cases. When we initiated this study with nilotinib, imatinib was the only tyrosine kinase inhibitor indicated for pediatric patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) CML in chronic phase (CP); alternative treatment options were needed, particularly for patients who developed resistance or intolerance (R/I) to imatinib. This phase 2 study enrolled pediatric patients with either Ph+ CML-CP R/I to imatinib or dasatinib or newly diagnosed Ph+ CML-CP.

Intravoxel incoherent motion and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI for differentiation between hepatocellular adenoma and focal nodular hyperplasia.

Objective: To examine if intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) can be used as new and supplemental MRI techniques to differentiate hepatocellular adenomas (HCAs) from focal nodular hyperplasias (FNHs) and analyse if diffusion parameter apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and IVIM parameter true diffusion coefficient (D) differ in doing so.

Methods: This prospective study included 21 patients (8 HCAs and 13 FNHs) who underwent a specifically designed MRI scanning protocol, including series for analysis of IVIM (four b-values 0, 10, 150 and 800 s mm) and DCE-MRI. On a dedicated workstation, identical regions of interest were placed in parametric maps of K, V, D and ADC in each lesion for quantification.

Brain magnetic resonance imaging findings in cryptogenic stroke patients under 60 years with patent foramen ovale.

Purpose: To compare magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain feature in cryptogenic stroke patients with patent foramen ovale (PFO), cryptogenic stroke patients without PFO and patients with cardioembolic stroke.

Materials And Methods: The ethics committee required neither institutional review board approval nor informed patient consent for retrospective analyses of the patients' medical records and imaging data. The patients' medical files were retrospectively reviewed in accordance with human subject research protocols.

Assessment of apixaban plasma levels by laboratory tests: suitability of three anti-Xa assays. A multicentre French GEHT study.

While laboratory monitoring is not required in patients treated with apixaban, a direct factor-Xa inhibitor, assessment of its concentration is useful in some critical situations. However, few data are available on its effect on coagulation tests and on the suitability of anti-Xa assays for its quantification. It was the objective of this study to identify laboratory tests suitable for apixaban concentration assessment.

Pulmonary embolism and 3-month outcomes in 4036 patients with venous thromboembolism and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: data from the RIETE registry.

Background: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have a modified clinical presentation of venous thromboembolism (VTE) but also a worse prognosis than non-COPD patients with VTE. As it may induce therapeutic modifications, we evaluated the influence of the initial VTE presentation on the 3-month outcomes in COPD patients.

Methods: COPD patients included in the on-going world-wide RIETE Registry were studied.

Antipsychotics: a real or confounding risk factor for venous thromboembolism?

In a meta-analysis of case-control studies, Zhang et al. (2011) found an increased risk of venous thromboembolic events (VTE) in patients exposed to antipsychotics (OR=2.39 [1.

Value of a planned compression ultrasonography after an isolated superficial vein thrombosis: results from a prospective multicentre study.

Objectives: To assess the efficiency of a systematically planned compression ultrasonography (SP-CUS) to detect venous thrombotic complications (VTCs) in patients with symptomatic isolated superficial vein thrombosis (SVT).

Design: Post hoc analysis of a prospective, multicentre, cohort study (POST).

Patients: As many as 537 patients with CUS-confirmed isolated SVT undergoing an SP-CUS 8-15 days after the initial CUS.

Clinical presentation and outcome of venous thromboembolism in COPD.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a moderate risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE), but neither the clinical presentation nor the outcome of VTE in COPD patients is well known. The clinical presentation of VTE, namely pulmonary embolism (PE) or deep venous thrombosis (DVT), and the outcome at 3 months (death, recurrent VTE or bleeding) were compared between 2,984 COPD patients and 25,936 non-COPD patients included in the RIETE (Registro Informatizado de la Enfermedad TromboEmbólica) registry. This ongoing international, multi-centre registry includes patients with proven symptomatic PE or DVT.

Tranexamic acid in hip fracture surgery: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Hip fracture surgery may be associated with substantial blood loss. This study was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of the use of tranexamic acid in hip fracture surgery for the reduction of erythrocyte transfusion.

Methods: The study pertains to a randomized double-blind study with blinded adjudication of outcomes.

Comparison of the clinical history of symptomatic isolated distal deep-vein thrombosis vs. proximal deep vein thrombosis in 11 086 patients.

Background: The clinical significance of symptomatic isolated distal deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is uncertain. Consequently, this leads to important disparities in its management.

Objective: To examine the clinical history of isolated distal DVT and to compare it with that of proximal DVT.

Feasibility of an easy-to-use risk score in the prevention of venous thromboembolism and placental vascular complications in pregnant women: a prospective cohort of 2736 women.

Introduction: Management of pregnant women at increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) remains complex in the absence of an easy-to-use tool allowing individualised, risk-adapted prophylaxis. Our objective was to assess whether treatment based on risk score is feasible in these women.

Materials And Methods: A scoring system for VTE risk in pregnant women was developed, each score being associated with a specific treatment.

Thrombophilia and risk of venous thrombosis in patients with cancer.

Venous thrombosis is a common and severe complication in patients with cancer. We reviewed studies assessing whether a state of acquired or congenital thrombophilia influenced the risk of thrombosis in patients with cancer. The results are equivocal.

A prospective long-term study of 220 patients with a retrievable vena cava filter for secondary prevention of venous thromboembolism.

Background: The immediate and long-term clinical events associated with the placement and removal of a retrievable filter (ALN filter; ALN Implants Chirurgicaux; Ghisonaccia, France) remain largely unknown.

Methods: This was a prospective cohort study with an 18-month follow-up. All consecutive patients scheduled for placement of an ALN filter between April 1999 and June 2005 in the Radiology Department of our hospital were included.

Enoxaparin in the treatment of deep vein thrombosis with or without pulmonary embolism: an individual patient data meta-analysis.

Study Objectives: Low-molecular-weight heparins have been compared with unfractionated heparin (UFH) for treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). However, a comparison of their efficacy in the presence or absence of pulmonary embolism (PE) has not been studied. We estimated the efficacy and safety of enoxaparin vs UFH in patients with proximal DVT with/without symptomatic PE using a meta-analysis of individual data from randomized controlled trials.

Factors predictive of venous thrombotic complications in patients with isolated superficial vein thrombosis.

Objective: Superficial vein thrombosis may be complicated with venous thromboembolism. We examined factors predictive of venous thromboembolism in superficial vein thrombosis, which, to our knowledge, had not been prospectively studied before.

Design And Methods: We performed post hoc analysis of the STENOX trial, a prospective randomized controlled trial that investigated various antithrombotic therapies in 427 hospitalized patients with objectively confirmed symptomatic isolated superficial vein thrombosis.