Morphological and Histological Changes Following Triamcinolone Injection Alone or Mixed Injection of Triamcinolone and Botulinum Toxin in Upper Eyelid.

Objective: The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the functional and histologic changes in the upper eyelid muscles after injection of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) alone or TA combined with botulinum toxin A (Botox or BTXA) in the cynomolgus monkey model.

Methods: Twenty eyes of 10 cynomolgus monkeys were divided into 4 groups: 3 experimental groups (1, 2, and 3) and the control group (group 4) based on the injection type. In group 1, 0.

An Experimental Design to Compare the Compatibility of Absorbable and Nonabsorbable Suture Materials in the Lateral Canthus Area.

Polyglactin 910 (Vicryl) and polypropylene (Prolene) are common suture materials used in ophthalmic surgical procedures. However, there are limited studies assessing tissue reactions to different sutures in eyelid areas. In this study, these suture materials were used subcutaneously in 10 lateral canthi of 5 pigs.

Structural changes in the retina after implantation of subretinal three-dimensional implants in mini pigs.

The retinal structural changes after subretinal implantation of three-dimensional (3D) microelectrodes were investigated in a mini pig. Three types of electrode were implanted into the subretinal spaces of nine mini pigs: 75-μm-high 3D electrodes on a 200-μm-thick right-angled polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate (group 1); a 140-μm-thick sloped PDMS substrate without electrodes (group 2); and a 140-μm-thick sloped PDMS substrate with 20-μm-high 3D electrodes (group 3). One mini pig was used as a control.

The Efficacy of Orbital Septal Flap in the Treatment of Moderate and Severe Upper Eyelid Retraction.

Purpose: To assess the long-term effectiveness of the orbital septal flap to lengthen the levator muscle in management of moderate and severe upper eyelid retraction.

Methods: This study reports 46 eyes of 43 consecutive patients with moderate or severe upper eyelid retraction who were recommended for surgery. The period of the study was between October 2016 and October 2019.

Changes in Eyelid Position Following Silicone Tube Insertion and Removal in Dacryocystorhinostomy.

Aims: The authors sought to assess the changes in eyelid position after silicone tube insertion and removal in endoscopic dacryocys-torhinostomy.

Methods: The authors retrospectively reviewed 60 eyes of 48 consecutive patients who underwent endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy operation at Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea, between April 2019 and November 2019. All cases were evaluated to discern eyelid positioning, focusing on the marginal reflex distance 1, medial palpebral fissure, central palpebral fissure (PF-2), lateral palpebral fissure (PF-3), and medial canthal angle (MCA) before surgery and at 1 week and 1, 2, 3, and 4 months postoperatively.