In vitro survey of low energy laser beam penetration in compact bone.

The laser used in this study (NEURALASE R1) is a light-emitting diode which emits continuous or modulated impulsional signals in the near infra-red (approximately 850 nm). The power emitted varies between 1 and 11 mW. The instrument is placed at a fixed distance from a photovoltaic sensor whose voltage response is a linear function of the received luminous power.

An electrocapillary flowmeter usable as a quantitative sweat detector.

A quantitative sweat detector was devised as part of a noninvasive portable warning apparatus intended for the surveillance of unstable insulin-treated diabetics who may have nocturnal hypoglycemic attacks. The sweat sensor consists of a pair of electrodes embedded in a porous material that is infiltrated under capillary drive by sweat as it oozes out of the skin. It was shown that the detector is almost insensitive to insensible perspiration but undergoes graded variation of impedance as it is filled with sweat.