Innovative Colorimetric NQO1 Detection Strategy via Substrate Competitive and Biomimetic Cascade Reactions with a Highly Active NADH Oxidase Mimic.

NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1) plays critical roles in antioxidation and abnormally overexpresses in tumors. Developing a fast and sensitive method of monitoring NQO1 will greatly promote cancer diagnosis in clinical practice. This study introduces a transformative colorimetric detection strategy for NQO1, harnessing an innovative competitive substrate mechanism between NQO1 and a new NADH oxidase (NOX) mimic, cobalt-nitrogen-doped carbon nanozyme (CoNC).

Value of endoscopic grading of gastroesophageal flap valve in gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Objective: To investigate the significance of endoscopic grading (Hill's classification) of gastroesophageal flap valve (GEFV) in the examination of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

Methods: One hundred and sixty-two patients undergoing gastroscopy in the Department of Gastroenterology, Xingyi People's Hospital between Apr. 2022 and Sept.

A multi-element flame retardant containing boron and double-bond structure for enhancing mechanical properties and flame retardancy of epoxy resins.

A multi-element synergistic flame retardant with double-bond structure was synthesized and added to epoxy resin (EP) to obtain EP composites with high flame retardant and mechanical properties. The study demonstrated that the DOPO-KhCPA-5 composite, containing 5 wt% of DOPO, exhibits the limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of 32%, indicating a high resistance to combustion. Additionally, it successfully meets the UL-94 V-0 grade, indicating excellent self-extinguishing properties.

Electrochemical microfluidic sensing platforms for biosecurity analysis.

Biosecurity encompasses the health and safety of humans, animals, plants, and the environment. In this article, "biosecurity" is defined as encompassing the comprehensive aspects of human, animal, plant, and environmental safety. Reliable biosecurity testing technology is the key point for effectively assessing biosecurity risks and ensuring biosecurity.

Bioinspired Nanozymes as Nanodecoys for Urinary Tract Infection Treatment.

Urinary tract infections (UTIs), common bacterial infections in communities and medical facilities, are mainly mediated by FimH. The glycan sites of the uromodulin protein play a crucial role in protecting against UTIs by interacting with FimH. A bioinspired approach using glycan-FimH interactions may effectively reduce bacteria through an antiadhesive mechanism, thereby curbing bacterial resistance.

A NAD(P)H oxidase mimic for catalytic tumor therapy a deacetylase SIRT7-mediated AKT/GSK3β pathway.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and its phosphorylated form, NADPH, are essential cofactors that play critical roles in cell functions, influencing antioxidation, reductive biosynthesis, and cellular pathways involved in tumor cell apoptosis and tumorigenesis. However, the use of nanomaterials to consume NAD(P)H and thus bring an impact on signaling pathways in cancer treatment remains understudied. In this study, we employed a salt template method to synthesize a carbon-coated-cobalt composite (C@Co) nanozyme, which exhibited excellent NAD(P)H oxidase (NOX)-like activity and mimicked the reaction mechanism of natural NOX.

Fluorophore and nanozyme-functionalized DNA walking: A dual-mode DNA logic biocomputing platform for microRNA sensing in clinical samples.

Inspired by the programmability and modifiability of nucleic acids, point-of-care (POC) diagnostics for nucleic acid target detection is evolving to become more diversified and intelligent. In this study, we introduce a fluorescent and photothermal dual-mode logic biosensing platform that integrates catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA), toehold-mediated stand displacement reaction (SDR) and a DNA walking machine. Dual identification and signal reporting modules are incorporated into DNA circuits, orchestrated by an AND Boolean logic gate operator and magnetic beads (MBs).

Artificial enzyme innovations in electrochemical devices: advancing wearable and portable sensing technologies.

With the rapid evolution of sensing technologies, the integration of nanoscale catalysts, particularly those mimicking enzymatic functions, into electrochemical devices has surfaced as a pivotal advancement. These catalysts, dubbed artificial enzymes, embody a blend of heightened sensitivity, selectivity, and durability, laying the groundwork for innovative applications in real-time health monitoring and environmental detection. This minireview penetrates into the fundamental principles of electrochemical sensing, elucidating the unique attributes that establish artificial enzymes as foundational elements in this field.

A metal-organic framework-derived ruthenium-nitrogen-carbon nanozyme for versatile hydrogen sulfide and cystathionine γ-lyase activity assay.

In this study, a novel approach exploiting the interactions between hydrogen sulfide (HS) and ruthenium-nitrogen-carbon (Ru-N-C) nanozymes is presented, advancing HS and cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) biosensing techniques. Utilizing the intrinsic peroxidase-like activity of Ru-N-C nanozymes and the noticeable inhibition effect caused by HS, an efficient, simple, and economical assay has been developed. This innovative method allows for the versatile real-time monitoring of HS from various sources, including specialized donors and native bacterial production.

Nanozyme-Cosmetic Contact Lenses for Ocular Surface Disease Prevention.

Efficiently balancing excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) caused by various factors on the ocular surface is a promising strategy for preventing the development of ocular surface diseases (OSDs). Nevertheless, the conventional topical administration of antioxidants is limited in efficacy due to poor absorption, rapid metabolism, and irreversible depletion, which impede their performance. To address this issue, contact lenses embedded with antioxidant nanozymes that can continuously scavenge ROS, thereby providing an excellent preventive effect against OSDs are developed.

Recent advances in metal-family flame retardants: a review.

The use of polymer materials is inextricably linked to our manufacturing life. However, most of them are easily combusted in the air and the combustion process generates a large amount of toxic fumes and dangerous smoke. This can result in injuries and property damage, as well as limiting their use.

Integrated Cascade Nanozymes with Antisenescence Activities for Atherosclerosis Therapy.

Senescent cells are the critical drivers of atherosclerosis formation and maturation. Mitigating senescent cells holds promise for the treatment of atherosclerosis. In an atherosclerotic plaque microenvironment, senescent cells interact with reactive oxygen species (ROS), promoting the disease development.

FeN-decorated porous carbon frameworks from wheat flour with dual enzyme-mimicking activities for organic pollutant degradation.

Organic pollutants produced during industrial production are putting more stress on natural water resources. It is a considerable challenge to realize water remediation from organic pollutants in a cost-effective way. Here, we report a feasible method to fabricate FeN-decorated porous carbon frameworks (F/M-Fe) by one-step pyrolysis of wheat flour, melamine and metal ions.

A probiotic nanozyme hydrogel regulates vaginal microenvironment for vaginitis therapy.

Molecular therapeutics are limited for vaginitis because they damage normal cells and tissues of vagina, aggravating the imbalance of vaginal microbiota and increasing the recurrence. To tackle this limitation, through the combination of peroxidase-like rGO@FeS nanozymes [reduced graphene oxide (rGO)] with -produced lactic acid and HO, a responsive hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel rGO@FeS/@HA (FeLab) is developed. FeLab has simultaneous anti- and vaginal microbiota-modulating activities.

An Organometallic Flame Retardant Containing P/N/S-Cu for Epoxy Resins with Reduced Fire Hazard and Smoke Toxicity.

Epoxy resins (EPs) have superior physical and chemical features and are used in a wide range of applications in everyday life and engineering. However, its poor flame-retardant performance has hindered its wide application. Over the past decades of extensive research, metal ions have received increasing attention for their highly effective smoke suppression properties.

PGCLCs of human 45,XO reveal pathogenetic pathways of neurocognitive and psychosocial disorders.

Background: Neurocognitive disorders and psychosocial difficulties are common in patients with Turner syndrome and multiple neurodegenerative diseases, yet there is no effective cure. Human primordial germ cells (hPGCs) are pluripotent germline stem cells in early embryo, which pass genetic information from one generation to the next, whereas all somatic cells will die along with the end of life. However, it is not known whether patient hPGCs with Turner syndrome contain information of neurocognitive and psychosocial illness.

An Efficient Cross-Linked Phosphorus-Free Flame Retardant for Epoxy Resins.

Epoxy resins (EPs) have been widely used due to their great physical and chemical properties, but their poor flame retardancy limits their further application. In this work, we synthesized a flame retardant containing nitrile groups and a double bond to improve the flame retardancy of EPs. In this way, multiple cross-linking reactions can occur in the EPs to confer better flame retardancy by a simple heat treatment.

Porphyrin-Containing Metallacage with Precise Active Sites and Super Long-Term Stability as a Specific Peroxidase Mimic for Versatile Analyte Determination.

Inspired by the architecture of single-atom catalysts, where the monodispersed metal atoms are widely distributed but stabilized by various coordination circumstances, the biomimetic design and synthesis of metalloporphyrin-containing nanocages have been demonstrated in this study. The nanocages were fabricated through a coordination-driven self-assembly process, and the Mn(III) porphyrin-based one was found to have exclusively peroxidase-like activity at pH 6.0 with neither oxidase nor catalase-like activity under the routine conditions.

A Dopamine-Enabled Universal Assay for Catalase and Catalase-Like Nanozymes.

Developing a universal strategy to measure catalase (CAT)/CAT-like activity, on one hand, overcomes limitations on current assays, such as moderate sensitivity and limited sample scope; on the other hand, facilitates insightful studies on applications of CAT and CAT-like nanozymes. Herein, the oxygen-sensitive and HO-inhibitory self-polymerization of dopamine (DA) was demonstrated as an activity indicator of CAT or CAT-like nanozymes, which monitors the catalytically generated O in a hypoxic environment. A typical assay for natural CAT was achieved under the optimized conditions.

Recent Advances in Stability Issues of Inorganic Solid Electrolytes and Composite Solid Electrolytes for All-Solid-State Batteries.

The development of solid-state batteries has become one of the most promising directions in rechargeable secondary batteries due to their considerable energy densities and favorable safety. However, solid-state batteries with higher energy density and more durable and stable cycle life should be developed for large-scale energy storage and adaption to the rapidly increasing lithium battery production and sales market. Although inorganic solid electrolytes (ISEs) and composite solid electrolytes (CSEs) are relatively advantageous solid-state electrolytes, they also face severe challenges.

A Valence-Engineered Self-Cascading Antioxidant Nanozyme for the Therapy of Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Antioxidant treatment strategy by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a highly effective disease treatment option. Nanozymes with multiple antioxidant activities can cope with the diverse ROS environment. However, lack of design strategies and limitation of negative correlation for nanozymes with multiple antioxidant activities hindered their development.

Data-informed discovery of hydrolytic nanozymes.

Nanozyme is a collection of nanomaterials with enzyme-like activity but higher environmental tolerance and long-term stability than their natural counterparts. Improving the catalytic activity and expanding the category of nanozymes are prerequisites to complement or even supersede enzymes. However, the development of hydrolytic nanozymes is still challenged by diverse hydrolytic substrates and following complicated mechanisms.

Biochar Nanozyme from Silkworm Excrement for Scavenging Vapor-Phase Free Radicals in Cigarette Smoke.

Serious lung diseases and other health problems caused by tobacco consumption are becoming more and more prominent all over the world. Scavenging the excessive harmful free radicals in cigarette smoke is proven to be an effective method in reducing the above problems. Carbon-based nanozymes have been widely studied due to their ability of scavenging free radicals.

Structurally Engineered Light-Responsive Nanozymes for Enhanced Substrate Specificity.

Mimicking enzyme specificity via construction of on-demand geometric structures on nanozymes is of great interest in recent years. Although building substrate-specific polymers on nanozymes has achieved great success, polymer-blocked active sites would inevitably lead to decreased activity of nanozymes. Here, we have developed three photoactive metal-organic framework (MOF)-based nanozymes (called 2D-TCPP, 3D-TCPP, and AD-TCPP), which have different geometric structures as well as unshielded active sites.

A phosphorus-containing hyperbranched phthalocyanine flame retardant for epoxy resins.

A hyperbranched phosphorus-containing copper phthalocyanine compound (DOPO-CuPc) was successfully synthesized and used as the flame-retardant additive to prepare flame-retarded epoxy thermosets. The addition of DOPO-CuPc led to a significant enhancement of the flame retardant properties of the epoxy resin. The 15DOPO-CuPc/EP composite obtained a LOI value of 35.