The processed C-terminus of AvrRps4 effector suppresses plant immunity via targeting multiple WRKYs.

Pathogens generate and secrete effector proteins to the host plant cells during pathogenesis to promote virulence and colonization. If the plant carries resistance (R) proteins that recognize pathogen effectors, effector-triggered immunity (ETI) is activated, resulting in a robust immune response and hypersensitive response (HR). The bipartite effector AvrRps4 from Pseudomonas syringae pv.

BM-BronchoLC - A rich bronchoscopy dataset for anatomical landmarks and lung cancer lesion recognition.

Flexible bronchoscopy has revolutionized respiratory disease diagnosis. It offers direct visualization and detection of airway abnormalities, including lung cancer lesions. Accurate identification of airway lesions during flexible bronchoscopy plays an important role in the lung cancer diagnosis.

Antibiofilm Activity of Eugenol-Loaded Chitosan Coatings against Common Medical-Device-Contaminating Bacteria.

The formation of pathogenic biofilms on medical devices is a major public health concern accounting for over 65% of healthcare-associated infections and causing high infection morbidity, mortality, and a great burden to patients and the healthcare system due to its resistance to treatment. In this study, we developed a chitosan-based antimicrobial coating with embedded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) to load and deliver eugenol, an essential oil component, to inhibit the biofilm formation of common bacteria in medical-device-related infections. The eugenol-loaded MSNs were dispersed in a chitosan solution, which was then cross-linked with glutaraldehyde and drop-casted to obtain coatings.

A finite element study on the interactive effect between the damage of the cup-bone interface and the bone strain of hip implants under various fixation conditions.

Interfacial damage has a high impact on the loosening of the acetabular cup. However, monitoring this damage induced by the variations in loading conditions, such as the angle, amplitude, and frequency in vivo, is challenging. In this study, we evaluated the risk of loosening of the acetabular cup due to interfacial damages induced by the deviation in loading conditions and amplitudes.

PEg TRAnsfer Workflow recognition challenge report: Do multimodal data improve recognition?

Background And Objective: In order to be context-aware, computer-assisted surgical systems require accurate, real-time automatic surgical workflow recognition. In the past several years, surgical video has been the most commonly-used modality for surgical workflow recognition. But with the democratization of robot-assisted surgery, new modalities, such as kinematics, are now accessible.

Engineering plant immune circuit: walking to the bright future with a novel toolbox.

Plant pathogens destroy crops and cause severe yield losses, leading to an insufficient food supply to sustain the human population. Apart from relying on natural plant immune systems to combat biological agents or waiting for the appropriate evolutionary steps to occur over time, researchers are currently seeking new breakthrough methods to boost disease resistance in plants through genetic engineering. Here, we summarize the past two decades of research in disease resistance engineering against an assortment of pathogens through modifying the plant immune components (internal and external) with several biotechnological techniques.

AvrRps4 effector family processing and recognition in lettuce.

During pathogenesis, effector proteins are secreted from the pathogen to the host plant to provide virulence activity for invasion of the host. However, once the host plant recognizes one of the delivered effectors, effector-triggered immunity activates a robust immune and hypersensitive response (HR). In planta, the effector AvrRps4 is processed into the N-terminus (AvrRps4 ) and the C-terminus (AvrRps4 ).

Load-Balancing of Kubernetes-Based Edge Computing Infrastructure Using Resource Adaptive Proxy.

Kubernetes (K8s) is expected to be a key container orchestration tool for edge computing infrastructures owing to its various features for supporting container deployment and dynamic resource management. For example, its horizontal pod autoscaling feature provides service availability and scalability by increasing the number of replicas. kube-proxy provides traffic load-balancing between replicas by distributing client requests equally to all pods (replicas) of an application in a K8s cluster.

Recent Advances in Effector-Triggered Immunity in Plants: New Pieces in the Puzzle Create a Different Paradigm.

Plants rely on multiple immune systems to protect themselves from pathogens. When pattern-triggered immunity (PTI)-the first layer of the immune response-is no longer effective as a result of pathogenic effectors, effector-triggered immunity (ETI) often provides resistance. In ETI, host plants directly or indirectly perceive pathogen effectors via resistance proteins and launch a more robust and rapid defense response.

Nuclear Localization of HopA1 Is Required for Effector-Triggered Immunity.

Plant resistance proteins recognize cognate pathogen avirulence proteins (also named effectors) to implement the innate immune responses called effector-triggered immunity. Previously, we reported that from pv. strain 61 was identified as an gene for .

The Conserved Arginine Required for AvrRps4 Processing Is Also Required for Recognition of Its N-Terminal Fragment in Lettuce.

Pathogens utilize a repertoire of effectors to facilitate pathogenesis, but when the host recognizes one of them, it causes effector-triggered immunity. The type III effector AvrRps4 is a bipartite effector that is processed in planta into a functional 133-amino acid N-terminus (AvrRps4-N) and 88-amino acid C-terminus (AvrRps4-C). Previous studies found AvrRps4-C to be sufficient to trigger the hypersensitive response (HR) in turnip.

New framework for automated article selection applied to a literature review of Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal.

Aims: Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal (EBPR) is a technology widely used in wastewater treatment to remove phosphorus (P) and prevent eutrophication. Establishing its operating efficiency and stability is an active research field that has generated almost 3000 publications in the last 40 years. Due to its size, including over 119 review articles, it is an example of a field where it becomes increasingly difficult to manually recognize its key research contributions, especially for non-experts or newcomers.

Efficacy of 10% Potassium Hydroxide Solution Versus 10% Salicylic Acid Ointment in Treatment of Molluscum Contagiosum - the Low - Cost Dermatologic Therapy in Vietnam.

Background: Molluscum contagiosum is a common viral disease primarily affecting children.

Aim: The objective is to compare the efficacy of 10% potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution versus 10% salicylic pomade in the treatment of molluscum contagiosum.

Methods: Clinical trials on 70 patients were randomised into 2 groups: 39 patients treated with 10% KOH solution and 31 patients treated with 10% salicylic pomade.

Anatomical Evaluation for Successful Dye Laser Treatment of Port Wine Stain in Vietnamese Patients.

Aim: To assess the efficacy in the treatment of port wine stain in the head and neck by using (Vbeam perfecta®).

Methods: Forty-two port wine stain patients were recruited at the National Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology, Hanoi, Vietnam.

Results: We reported an excellent response (43.

A Novel Hybrid Swarm Optimized Multilayer Neural Network for Spatial Prediction of Flash Floods in Tropical Areas Using Sentinel-1 SAR Imagery and Geospatial Data.

Flash floods are widely recognized as one of the most devastating natural hazards in the world, therefore prediction of flash flood-prone areas is crucial for public safety and emergency management. This research proposes a new methodology for spatial prediction of flash floods based on Sentinel-1 SAR imagery and a new hybrid machine learning technique. The SAR imagery is used to detect flash flood inundation areas, whereas the new machine learning technique, which is a hybrid of the firefly algorithm (FA), Levenberg⁻Marquardt (LM) backpropagation, and an artificial neural network (named as FA-LM-ANN), was used to construct the prediction model.