An Oxazole Alkaloid, Terpenoids, and Cyclodipeptides with Cytotoxic and NO Inhibitory Effects from a Mangrove-Derived Fungus Trichoderma sp. GXT-22.1.

Chemical investigation of the mangrove-derived fungus Trichoderma sp. GXT-22.1 led to isolation and identification of 10 secondary metabolites, including one new compound, 5'-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1',3'-oxazole (1), one new natural compound, (E)-6,10-dimethyl-5-undecene-2,9,10-triol (2), along with eight known compounds, tricholumin A (3), harzianol J (4), cyclonerodiol (5), 10,11-dihydro-11-hydroxycyclonerodiol (6), cyclonerodiol B (7), epicyclonerodiol oxide (8), cyclo(Val-Pro) (9), and cyclo-(4-hydroxyprolinyl-leucine) (10).

Culcinoside E, a new sulfated steroidal biglycoside from the starfish .

Using various chromatographic separations, six steroid glycoside derivatives, including one new compound named culcinoside E (), were isolated from the methanol extract of the starfish . Their structures were confirmed by detailed analysis of the 1D, 2D NMR, and HR ESI QTOF mass spectra. Among isolated compounds, culcinoside E (), diplasterioside A (), and thornasteroside A () inhibited growth of , whereas culcitoside C () was active on .

Glycoside constituents from .

Using various chromatographic separations, six glycoside derivatives (), including one new -labdane glucoside named cayratioside (), were isolated from the methanol extract of stems and leaves. Their structures were elucidated by detailed analysis of the 1D, 2D NMR, and HRESIQTOF mass spectra. The inhibitory effect of on LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.

Caffeoylquinic acid esters, lignans and flavones from with cytotoxic and nitric oxide inhibitory activities.

Phytochemical study on the aerial parts of resulted in the isolation of 11 secondary metabolites, including a new caffeoyl quinic acid derivative, 3---caffeoyl-4--acetylquinic acid methyl ester (), a new dihydrobenzofuran neolignan, 3,5-dimethoxy-4-(1″,3″-dihydroxy-2″-propyloxyl)-4',7-epoxy-8,5'-neolignan-4,9,9'-triol () and nine known compounds, methyl 4--coumaroylquinate (), (7*,8*)-3-methoxy-3',7-epoxy-8,4'-oxyneolignan-4,9,9'-triol (), kompasinol A (), lyoniresinol (), schizandriside (), (-)-isolariciresinol 3a---D-xylopyranoside (), lyoniside (), vitexin () and luteolin 4'---glucopyranoside (). Their structures were elucidated using comprehensive spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D NMR and HRESI mass spectra. The absolute configurations of and were deduced by electronic circular dichroism spectroscopy.

PQF9 Isolated from Growing in Vietnam as a New Producer of Paclitaxel.

Unlabelled: Endophytic fungi are known as an alternative promising source of anticancer drug, paclitaxel, however fungi inhabiting in medicinal plant and their paclitaxel production have not been reported to date. In the present study, a total of 15 culturable fungi classified into 5 genera, were successfully recovered from collected in Vietnam. Screening fungal dichloromethane extracts for anticancer activity revealed that only PQF9 extract displayed potent inhibitory effects on A549 and MCF7 cancer cell lines with IC values of 33.

Acylated flavonoid glycosides from Barringtonia pendula and their inhibition on lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production in RAW264.7 cells.

Six new acylated flavonoid glycosides namely barringosides J - O (1-6) along with tephrokaempferoside and barringoside D were isolated from the branches and leaves of Barringtonia pendula. The structural elucidation was confirmed by extensive analysis of their spectroscopic data including HRQTOFMS, 1D and 2D NMR experiments. Moderate inhibitory effects on LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.

Asterosaponins from the starfish .

Five asterosaponins (-), including one new compound named protonodososide (), were isolated from the methanol extract of the starfish , after subjecting to various chromatographic separations. The structural elucidation was confirmed by careful analysis of the 1D, 2D NMR, and HR ESI QTOF mass spectra. The cytotoxicity of isolated compounds was evaluated on five human cancer cell lines including HepG2, KB, MCF7, LNCaP, and SK-Mel2.

Secondary metabolites from the fruit peels of L. and their cytotoxic activity.

Three new glucosides, ziberthinosides A-C (1-3), and six known compounds, cleomiscosins A-D (4-7), sporogen AO-2 (8) and sapinofuranone A (9), were isolated from a methanol extract of fruit peels. Their chemical structures were elucidated by analyses of their 1 D/2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS data as well as by comparison with the literature values. The absolute configuration of sporogen AO-2 (8) was confirmed by ECD calculation.

Anti-neuroinflammatory effect of oxaline, isorhodoptilometrin, and 5-hydroxy-7-(2'-hydroxypropyl)-2-methyl-chromone obtained from the marine fungal strain Penicillium oxalicum CLC-MF05.

Penicillium is a rich source of bioactive compounds. Among all Penicillium species, Penicillium oxalicum has been reported to produce various types of secondary metabolites, including alkaloids, phenolics, and tetrahydroxanthone dimeric compounds, exhibiting many pharmacological effects, such as antiviral, antibacterial, and cytotoxic activities. Three secondary metabolites were isolated from a fermented culture of the sponge-associated fungal strain P.

Two new eudesmane sesquiterpene glucosides from the aerial parts of .

Using combined chromatographic methods, two new sesquiterpene glucosides, vulgarosides A () and B (), and two known analogs ainsliaside E () and pumilaside A () were isolated from the aerial parts of . Their chemical structures were established by spectroscopic methods, including one and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (1 D and 2 D-NMR) spectroscopy and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS). In addition, their cytotoxicity on five human cancer cell lines, including KB (epidermoid carcinoma), HepG2 (hepatocarcinoma), MCF7 (breast carcinoma), SK-Mel-2 (melanoma), and LNCaP (prostate cancer) was also evaluated by the SRB assay.

Cytotoxic and nitric oxide inhibitory activities of triterpenoids from L.

Using combined chromatographic separation techniques, three new triterpenoids named lycomclavatols A-C (-), a new natural product, methyl lycernuate-A (), as well as seven known compounds (-), were isolated from the methanol extract of the whole plants of . Their chemical structures were established based on 1 D/2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS spectroscopic analyses. Among the isolates, compound exhibited inhibitory activity on NO production in LPS-stimulated BV2 cells (IC = 36.

Cembranoids from the Vietnamese soft coral .

Using various chromatographic separations, two new cembranoids, ehrenbergols F and G ( and ), along with three known analogs ehrenbergol D (), (+)-isosarcophine () and sinulariol Z () were isolated from the soft coral . The structural elucidation was done by extensive analysis of the 1 D and 2 D NMR, HR-ESI-QTOF-MS as well as CD experiments. In addition, compounds (IC of 38.

Polyhydroxylated steroids from the Vietnamese soft coral Sarcophyton ehrenbergi.

Fourteen polyhydroxylated steroids including six new compounds, ehrensteroids A - F (1-6), were isolated from the Vietnamese soft coral Sarcophyton ehrenbergi after applying various chromatographic separations. The structure elucidation was done by detailed analysis of 1D, 2D NMR and HR QTOF mass spectra. In addition, significant cytotoxicity (IC values ranging from 8.

Dammarane-type triterpenoid saponins from the flower buds of with cytotoxic activity.

Phytochemical investigation of a methanol extract of flower buds resulted in the isolation of 22 dammarane-type triterpenoid saponins, including three new compounds, pseudoginsenosides A-C (-), and 19 known analogs. Their chemical structures were identified by the comprehensive spectroscopic methods, including 1 D and 2 D NMR and mass spectra. In addition, their cytotoxic effects toward three human carcinoma cell lines, including liver (HepG2), breast (MCF7), and lung (A549) were also evaluated.

Chemical constituents from and their anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities.

Phytochemical investigation of the whole plants of resulted in the isolation and identification of three new compounds (-), namely lycocernuaside E (), lycernuic ketone F (), and lycernuic B () and 12 known ones (-). Their chemical structures were established based on 1 D/2D NMR spectroscopic and HR-ESI-MS data analyses. Compounds , , and displayed NO inhibitory effects in LPS-stimulated BV2 cells, with IC values of 21.

Anti-inflammatory norclerodane diterpenoids and tetrahydrophenanthrene from the leaves and stems of Dioscorea bulbifera.

Chemical investigation of the leaves and stems of Dioscorea bulbifera resulted in isolation of 10 compounds, including three new norclerodane diterpenoids, diosbulbiferins A (1) and B (2) and diosbulbiferinoside A (3), and one new natural congener, diosbulbiferin C (4), along with one new tetrahydrophenanthrene, diosbulbinone (8). Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive analyses of spectroscopic methods, including NMR and mass spectra. The absolute configurations of compounds 1-3 and 8 were deduced by time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectroscopic analyses.

Polyacetylene and phenolic constituents from the roots of .

Chemical investigation of the roots of resulted in isolation of 12 compounds, including one new polyacetylene, codojavanyol (), one new phenolic glycoside, codobenzyloside (), and 10 known compounds, (2,8)-9-(tetrahydro-2-pyran-2-yl)nona-2,8-diene-4,6-diyl-1-ol (), lobetyol (), lobetyolin (), lobetyolinin (), cordifolioidyne B (), benzyl--L-arabinopyranosyl (1-6)--D-glucopyranoside (), ()-8--D-glucopyranosyloxycinnamic acid (), syringin (), syringaresinol (), and tryptophan (). Their structures were elucidated by 1 D and 2 D NMR and MS spectroscopic analyses in comparison with the data reported in the literature. The stereochemistry of the C-2' position of was identified based on time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculation.

Saurobacciosides A - C: three new glycosides from with their cytotoxic activity.

Three new glycosides, named as saurobaccioside A (), saurobaccioside B (), saurobaccioside C (), together with five known magastigmanes, canangaionoside (), (6,9)-roseoside (), cucumegastigmane I (), icariside B5 (), linarionoside A () were isolated from the whole plant of (L.) Airy Shaw. Their structures were established by extensive spectroscopic analysis (UV, IR, HR-ESI-MS and NMR) and by comparison of the spectral data with those reported in the literature.

Secondary metabolites from a peanut-associated fungus IMBC-NMTP01 with cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities.

Chemical investigation of a peanut-associated fungal strain IMBC-NMTP01 resulted in isolation and identification of 14 secondary metabolites, including two new, -aspergillusol () and aspernigin (), and 12 known compounds: pyrophen (), 2-(hydroxyimino)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid (), aspergillusol A (), rubrofusarin B (), nigerasperone A (), fonsecin (), TMC-256C1 (), pyranonigrin A (), orlandin (), nigerasperone C (), asperpyrone A (), and 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furancarboxylic acid (). Compounds , showed cytotoxicity toward all six human cancer cell lines, including HepG2, KB, HL-60, MCF-7, SK-Mel2, and LNCaP, with IC values ranging from 8.4 to 84.

Chemical Constituents from the Branches and Leaves of Alchornea trewioides.

Two new megastigmane glucosides namely trewiosides A (1) and B (2), along with 20α-hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one β-D-glucopyranoside (3), sugeroside (4), and schizandriside (5) were isolated from the branches and leaves of Alchornea trewioides. The structure elucidation was confirmed by extensive analysis of the one and two dimensional (1 and 2D) NMR, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) as well as high resolution electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight (HR-ESI-QTOF) mass spectra. Noteworthily, the isolation of compounds 1 and 2 represents the second finding of megastigmane derivatives with a methoxycarbonyl group at C-5 to date.

Chemical constituents from the branches and leaves of .

Phytochemical investigation of the branches and leaves of led to isolation of ten secondary metabolites, including two new megastigmane glucosides alnamicosides A () and B (). The structure elucidation was confirmed by 1 D and 2 D NMR, ECD as well as HR-QTOF-MS experiments. The megastigmane derivatives - exhibited inhibitory effects on LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.

Phenolic glycosides from .

Two new phenolic glycosides, oroxylumosides A () and B (), along with four known compounds darendoside A (), leucosceptoside A (), acteoside () and decaffeoylacteoside () were isolated from the stem bark of . Their structures were elucidated by extensive analysis of the 1 D and 2 D NMR as well as HR-ESI-QTOF-MS. In addition, compounds - exhibited inhibitory effects on NO production in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cell line with IC values of 58.

Polyhydroxylated steroid derivatives from the starfish .

A new polyhydroxysteroid glycoside, regulusoside D (), and a new polyhydroxylated steroid, (24)-cholestane-3,5,6,8,15,24-hexol (), together with seven known compounds were purified from the starfish collected near Con Co Islands, Vietnam. The structure elucidation was confirmed by extensive analysis of their NMR and HR-QTOF mass experiments. Among isolated compounds, regulusoside D (), (24)-cholestane-3,5,6,8,15,24-hexol (), granulatoside A (), 5-cholestane-3,6,7α,15,16,26-hexol (), 5-cholestane-3,6,7,8,15,16,26-heptol () and 5-cholestane-3,6,8,15,16,26-hexol () exhibited strong inhibitory effects on LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.

Cudraflavanone B Isolated from the Root Bark of Cudrania tricuspidata Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Responses by Downregulating NF-κB and ERK MAPK Signaling Pathways in RAW264.7 Macrophages and BV2 Microglia.

A prenylated flavonoid, cudraflavanone B, is isolated from Cudrania tricuspidata. In this study, we investigated its anti-inflammatory and anti-neuroinflammatory effects in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 and BV2 cells.