Association of cigarette smoking with risk of colorectal cancer subtypes classified by gut microbiota.

Introduction: Both cigarette smoking and gut microbiota play important roles in colorectal carcinogenesis. We explored whether the association between smoking and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk varies by gut microbial enterotypes and how smoking-related enterotypes promote colorectal carcinogenesis.

Methods: A case-control study was conducted.

Gut Microbiota Enterotypes Mediate the Effects of Dietary Patterns on Colorectal Neoplasm Risk in a Chinese Population.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) risk is influenced by dietary patterns and gut microbiota enterotypes. However, the interaction between these factors remains unclear. This study examines this relationship, hypothesizing that different diets may affect colorectal tumor risk in individuals with varied gut microbiota enterotypes.

Large-scale, national, family-based epidemiological study on infection in China: the time to change practice for related disease prevention.

Background And Aims: Current practice on infection mostly focuses on individual-based care in the community, but family-based management has recently been suggested as a better strategy for infection control. However, the family-based infection status, risk factors and transmission pattern remain to be elucidated.

Methods: From September 2021 to December 2021, 10 735 families (31 098 individuals) were enrolled from 29 of 31 provinces in mainland China to examine family-based infection, related factors and transmission pattern.

Helicobacter pylori Infection and Serum Pepsinogen Level With the Risk of Gastric Precancerous Conditions: A Cross-sectional Study of High-risk Gastric Cancer Population in China.

Background And Aim: Gastric precancerous conditions are generally considered to play an essential role in the gastric carcinogenesis cascade. This study identified risk factors of gastric precancerous conditions in a nationwide multicenter cross-sectional study.

Methods: Individuals who made their visit to 115 hospitals in China for gastric cancer screening were recruited.

Development and validation of a prediction rule for estimating gastric cancer risk in the Chinese high-risk population: a nationwide multicentre study.

Objective: To develop a gastric cancer (GC) risk prediction rule as an initial prescreening tool to identify individuals with a high risk prior to gastroscopy.

Design: This was a nationwide multicentre cross-sectional study. Individuals aged 40-80 years who went to hospitals for a GC screening gastroscopy were recruited.

Changes in gut microbiota and plasma inflammatory factors across the stages of colorectal tumorigenesis: a case-control study.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant gastrointestinal tumor. In China, CRC is the 5th most commonly diagnosed cancer. The vast majority of CRC cases are sporadic and evolve with the adenoma-carcinoma sequence.

Overexpression of YKL-40 Predicts Poor Prognosis in Patients Undergoing Curative Resection of Pancreatic Cancer.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic value of YKL-40 expression in patients undergoing curative resection of pancreatic cancer.

Methods: This cohort study included 234 consecutive patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma who underwent curative resection. Surgical specimens were immunohistochemically assessed for YKL-40 expression.

Low-dose ticagrelor yields an antiplatelet efficacy similar to that of standard-dose ticagrelor in healthy subjects: an open-label randomized controlled trial.

Ticagrelor has a greater antiplatelet efficacy than clopidogrel but may be accompanied by an increased risk of bleeding. This study evaluated the antiplatelet effect and pharmacokinetic profile of low-dose ticagrelor in healthy Chinese volunteers. Thirty healthy subjects were randomized to receive standard-dose ticagrelor (180-mg loading dose, 90-mg twice daily [bid] [n = 10]), low-dose ticagrelor (90-mg loading dose, 45-mg bid [n = 10]), or clopidogrel (600-mg loading dose, 75-mg once daily [n = 10]).

A new computational model for human thyroid cancer enhances the preoperative diagnostic efficacy.

Considering the high rate of missed diagnosis and delayed treatments for thyroid cancer, an effective systematic model for the differential diagnosis is highly needed. Thus we analyzed the data on the clinicopathological characteristics, routine laboratory tests and imaging examinations in a cohort of 13,980 patients with thyroid cancer to establish a new diagnostic model for differentiating thyroid cancer in clinical practice. Here, we randomly selected two-thirds of the population to develop the thyroid malignancy risk scoring system (TMRS) for preoperative differentiation between thyroid cancer and benignant thyroid diseases, and then validated its differential diagnostic power in the rest one-third population.

Questionnaire survey about use of an online appointment booking system in one large tertiary public hospital outpatient service center in China.

Background: As a part of nationwide healthcare reforms, the Chinese government launched web-based appointment systems (WAS) to provide a solution to problems around outpatient appointments and services. These have been in place in all Chinese public tertiary hospitals since 2009.

Methods: Questionnaires were collected from both patients and doctors in one large tertiary public hospital in Shanghai, China.

[The derivation and validation of a prediction rule for differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules].

Objective: To set up a prediction rule for the pro-operative differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules and evaluate its clinical value.

Methods: All patients of thyroid nodules underwent thyroid operations in Changzheng hospital from June, 1997 to July, 2012 were included in this study. They were randomly divided into the derivation cohort (2/3) and the validation cohort (1/3).

Gastro-protecting effect of gefarnate on chronic erosive gastritis with dyspeptic symptoms.

Background: The role of gastro-protecting agents on symptomatic chronic gastritis is unclear. This multicenter, open, randomized trial was designed to compare the comprehensive effects of gefarnate with sucralfate on erosive gastritis with dyspeptic symptoms.

Methods: Totally 253 dyspepsia patients confirmed with erosive gastritis were enrolled from six centers in China.

Knowledge of, attitudes toward, and barriers to participation of colorectal cancer screening tests in the Asia-Pacific region: a multicenter study.

Background: The rapid increase in the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) in the Asia-Pacific region in the past decade has resulted in recommendations to implement mass CRC screening programs. However, the knowledge of screening and population screening behaviors between countries is largely lacking.

Objective: This multicenter, international study investigated the association of screening test participation with knowledge of, attitudes toward, and barriers to CRC and screening tests in different cultural and sociopolitical contexts.

Hepatitis B virus status and risk of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a case-control study from China.

Objectives: This study was to assess the role of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) risk using a hospital-based case-control design.

Methods: Patients with pathologically confirmed PDAC (943) and 1128 matched controls were recruited from 2 hospitals. We evaluated the associations between risk of PDAC and age, sex, history of diabetes mellitus (DM), etc.

Abdominal obesity and the risk of colorectal adenoma: a meta-analysis of observational studies.

Inconsistent results regarding the association between abdominal obesity and the risk of colorectal adenoma (CRA), the precursor of colorectal cancer (CRC), have been reported. To provide a quantitative assessment of this relationship, we summarized the evidence from observational studies in categorical, linear dose-response meta-analyses. We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE for studies of waist circumference (WC) and/or waist-hip ratio (WHR) and CRA risk published until the end of October 2011.

[Estimation on tolerance limits and tolerance interval regarding the disease incubation].

To estimate the tolerance limit and the tolerance interval of disease incubation, under the theory that the observations (samples) were subject to Poisson distribution, the tolerance limits and tolerance interval of disease incubation were calculated based on beta-distribution with integer parameter. Expressions on the relation were obtained, including the statistics on tolerance limits of both minimum and maximum orders while the tolerance was the difference between minimum and maximum order statistics and the parameters of Poisson distribution on the sample size. Using the incomplete observations as an example, reasonable unit of sample size was considered and chosen.

Derivation and validation of a prediction rule for estimating advanced colorectal neoplasm risk in average-risk Chinese.

No prediction rule is currently available for advanced colorectal neoplasms, defined as invasive cancer, an adenoma of 10 mm or more, a villous adenoma, or an adenoma with high-grade dysplasia, in average-risk Chinese. In this study between 2006 and 2008, a total of 7,541 average-risk Chinese persons aged 40 years or older who had complete colonoscopy were included. The derivation and validation cohorts consisted of 5,229 and 2,312 persons, respectively.

Risk of esophageal cancer in diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of observational studies.

Objective: Inconsistent findings from observational studies have prolonged the controversy over the effects of history of diabetes mellitus (DM) on the risk of esophageal cancer (EC). We conducted a meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies to evaluate the association of a history of DM with the risk of EC.

Methods: We identified studies by a literature search of MEDLINE (from 1 January 1966) and EMBASE (from 1 January 1974), through 28 Feburary 2011, and by searching the reference lists of pertinent articles.

Adiponectin levels in patients with colorectal cancer and adenoma: a meta-analysis.

Inconsistent results with regard to adiponectin levels in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and adenoma have been reported. To evaluate adiponectin levels in patients with CRC and adenoma, a meta-analysis on studies which compared adiponectin levels in patients with CRC or adenoma with healthy controls was carried out. A literature search was performed through Pubmed, EMBASE, and Science Citation Index Expanded database.

Colorectal cancer screening behavior and willingness: an outpatient survey in China.

Aim: To identity the factors influencing colorectal cancer (CRC) screening behavior and willingness among Chinese outpatients.

Methods: An outpatient-based face-to-face survey was conducted from August 18 to September 7, 2010 in Changhai Hospital. A total of 1200 consecutive patients aged ≥ 18 years were recruited for interview.

High expression of delta-like ligand 4 predicts poor prognosis after curative resection for pancreatic cancer.

Background: Delta-like ligand 4 (DLL4)-Notch signaling plays a key role in tumor angiogenesis, but its prognostic value in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains unclear. Our aim was to determine whether high DLL4 expression is correlated with poor prognosis after curative resection for PDAC.

Methods: Surgical specimens obtained from 89 patients with PDAC were immunohistochemically assessed for DLL4 and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) expression.

[Factors influencing patient compliance in colorectal cancer screening: qualitative research synthesis].

Objective: To systematically collect and analyze the influencing factors of patient compliance with colorectal cancer screening in qualitative studies so as to provide a theoretical basis for improving compliance.

Methods: The databases of Pubmed, EMbase, CBMdisc, CNKI and VIP and the relevant articles were searched. According to the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, the qualitative studies of the influencing factors of patient compliance with screening were included.

A prediction rule for estimating pancreatic cancer risk in chronic pancreatitis patients with focal pancreatic mass lesions with prior negative EUS-FNA cytology.

Objective: Considerable false-negative endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) findings exist in chronic pancreatitis patients with focal pancreatic mass lesions. Our aim was to develop a prediction rule to stratify risk for pancreatic cancer in chronic pancreatitis patients with focal pancreatic mass lesions with prior negative EUS-FNA cytology.

Material And Methods: A total of 138 eligible consecutive patients were identified from three hospitals between January 2000 and May 2008.