Preparation, characterization, and protective effects of carbon dots against oxidative damage induced by LPS in IPEC-J2 cells.

This study aimed to prepare carbon dots (GF-CDs) and examine their efficacy in mitigating oxidative stress and apoptosis in intestinal porcine epithelial cells from the jejunum (IPEC-J2 cells) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The GF-CDs were synthesized using a one-step hydrothermal method. The oxidative damage model of IPEC-J2 cells was induced through LPS treatment.

Transcriptomic analysis reveals the mechanism underlying salinity-induced morphological changes in .

Diatom cell walls are diverse and unique, providing the basis for species identification and supporting the ecological and economic value of diatoms. However, these important structures sometimes change in response to environmental fluctuations, especially under salt adaptation. Although studies have shown that salinity induces morphological plasticity changes in diatom cell walls, most research has focused on physiological responses rather than molecular mechanisms.

Integrated microbiome and metabolome analysis reveals that new insight into polysaccharide enhances PRRSV inactivated vaccine.

In this study, we investigated how polysaccharide (RPP) enhances the immune response of the inactivated porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) vaccine through interactions with the microbiome and metabolome. We pretreated sows with 10 mg/kg body weight of RPP via drinking water for 7 days prior to intramuscular injection of the PRRSV vaccine. This significantly increased the concentrations of PRRSV GP5 protein antibody, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-10, and interferon (IFN)-γ.

 sp. nov., a new monoraphid diatom (Bacillariophyta) from southern China.

A novel monoraphid diatom species, You, Yu, Kociolek & Wang, is examined and described from the Qingyi River and Maolan Nature Reserve of southern China. The morphological description is based on light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy observations and the new species is compared with similar taxa in this genus. The characteristics unique to include its central area extending irregularly to both sides, it having closed valvocopulae with heavily silicified fimbriate margins and poles of the valvocopulae have 'sword-shaped' siliceous extensions.

Dynamic simulation and analysis of land use competition patterns to support sustainable territorial spatial management: a case study of Shenyang City, Northeast China.

Under the context of territorial spatial planning in the new era, it is of great significance to analyze the future land use competition pattern to construct a sustainable and adaptive management strategy for territorial spatial development and utilization protection. Taking Shenyang, a megacity in Northeast China, as the case study area, and the geographic information system technologies and the patch-generation land use simulation (PLUS) model was used to simulate the land use competition pattern in 2030 under four scenarios. Meanwhile, the dynamic evolution of territorial spatial structure competition was monitored based on the perspective of agricultural, ecological, and construction land space.

Comparative study of the plasma pharmacokinetics and tissue residues of trimethoprim in silky fowls and 817 broilers after single oral administration.

A comparative study was performed to investigate the differences in plasma pharmacokinetics (PKs) and tissue residues of trimethoprim (TMP) between silky fowls and 817 broilers. The 2 breeds of chickens received compound sulfadiazine suspension by gavage at 20 mg/kg (measured as TMP). Blood and tissue samples were collected at predetermined time points.

Efficient Adsorption Removal of Phosphate from Rural Domestic Sewage by Waste Eggshell-Modified Peanut Shell Biochar Adsorbent Materials.

In order to promote the improvement of the rural living environment, the treatment of rural domestic sewage has attracted much attention in China. Meanwhile, the rural regions' sewage discharge standards are becoming increasingly stringent. However, the standard compliance rate of total phosphorus (TP) is very low, and TP has become the main limiting pollutant for the water pollutants discharge standards of rural domestic sewage treatment facilities.

Elucidating Flavonoid and Antioxidant Activity in Edible and Medicinal Herbs (L.f.) Sm. Based on HPLC-ESI-TOF-MS and Artificial Neural Network Model: Response to Climatic Factors.

is a kind of great potential edible and medicinal fern. In a previous study, it was found that flavonoid and antioxidant activity of from different sites were different. However, the cause of the differences has still been unclear, which has restricted the utilization of .

City Health Examination and Evaluation of Territory Spatial Planning for SDG11 in China: A Case Study of Xining City in Qinghai Province.

City health examination and evaluation of territorial spatial planning is a new policy tool in China. However, research on city health examination and evaluation of territorial spatial planning is still in the exploratory stage in China. Guided by sustainable cities and communities (SDG11), a reasonable city health examination and evaluation index system for Xining City in Qinghai Province is constructed in this paper.

A new freshwater species (Bacillariophyta, Achnanthidiaceae) from Sichuan Province, China.

A new freshwater diatom species, Yu, You & Wang, from Sichuan Province, China, is described. The morphology of this species was analyzed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy (LM). belongs to the -like subgroup, which has external distal raphe ends curved in opposite directions of the valve.

Fowl adenovirus serotype 4 52/55k protein triggers PKR degradation by ubiquitin-proteasome system to evade effective innate immunity.

The pro- and inflammatory cytokines fail to effectively inhibit FAdV-4, which has always puzzled us. In the current study, the data determined that the mRNA levels of interferons were significantly enhanced in the livers and LMH cells from 24 h to 72 h post FAdV-4 infection. But the viral load of FAdV-4 was still significantly increased, which meant that FAdV-4 evaded innate immune response.

Spatiotemporal variation of cultivated land ecosystem stability in typical regions of Lower Liaohe Plain China based on stress - buffer - response.

The stability of cultivated land ecosystem is crucial to the green and high-quality development of agriculture. Revealing its spatio-temporal differentiation is an important scientific issue to improve the resilience of cultivated land and ensure food security. In this paper, Shenyang, a typical region of Lower Liaohe Plain, is the study area.

Spatial-Temporal Correlations between Soil pH and NPP of Grassland Ecosystems in the Yellow River Source Area, China.

In recent years, ecological concerns such as vegetation destruction, permafrost deterioration, and river drying have been paid much more attention to on the Yellow River Basin in China. Soil pH is regarded to be the fundamental variable among soil properties for vegetation growth, while net primary productivity (NPP) is also an essential indicator to reflect the healthy growth of vegetation. Due to the limitation of on-site samples, the spatial−temporal variations in soil pH and NPP, as well as their intrinsic mechanisms, remain unknown, especially in the Yellow River source area, China.

Using an affinity analysis to identify phytoplankton associations.

Phytoplankton functional traits can represent particular environmental conditions in complex aquatic ecosystems. Categorizing phytoplankton species into functional groups is challenging and time-consuming, and requires high-level expertise in species autecology. In this study, we introduced an affinity analysis to aid the identification of candidate associations of phytoplankton from two data sets comprised of phytoplankton and environmental information.

Arginine regulates inflammation response-induced by Fowl Adenovirus serotype 4 via JAK2/STAT3 pathway.

Background: Fowl Adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4) infection causes severe inflammatory response leading to hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS) in poultry. As an essential functional amino acid of poultry, arginine plays a critical role in anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress.

Results: In this study, the differential expression genes (DEGs) were screened by transcriptomic techniques, and the DEGs in gene networks of inflammatory response-induced by FAdV-4 in broiler's liver were analyzed by Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment.

Two new freshwater species of the genus (Bacillariophyta, Achnanthidiaceae) from Qingxi River, China.

We describe two new species, and , from Qingxi River, Anhui Province, China, based on light and scanning electron microscopy. Both species belong to the " complex" of the genus, based on their possession of transapically-elongated areolae and deflected external distal raphe fissures. has a slightly irregular linear-lanceolate valve with rounded or weakly protracted apices and a transapically rectangular or bow tie central area on the raphe valve.

Importin alpha 1 is required for the nucleus entry of Fowl Adenovirus serotype 4 Fiber-1 protein.

Fiber-1 protein (F1) is the structural protein of Fowl Adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4), which could recondite the receptors of host cytomembrane. In this study, we firstly determined that F1 protein located in nucleus of LMH cells after infection with FAdV-4. We additionally revealed that F1 protein had a classic NLS, and the NLS was required for F1 nucleus entry, which was intently associated to the 26th Pro in NLS.

Genomic analyses provide insights into spinach domestication and the genetic basis of agronomic traits.

Spinach is a nutritious leafy vegetable belonging to the family Chenopodiaceae. Here we report a high-quality chromosome-scale reference genome assembly of spinach and genome resequencing of 305 cultivated and wild spinach accessions. Reconstruction of ancestral Chenopodiaceae karyotype indicates substantial genome rearrangements in spinach after its divergence from ancestral Chenopodiaceae, coinciding with high repeat content in the spinach genome.

Influence of cyanobacterial blooms and environmental variation on zooplankton and eukaryotic phytoplankton in a large, shallow, eutrophic lake in China.

Harmful cyanobacterial blooms are a widespread destruction to the processes and function of aquatic ecosystems. To study effects of cyanobacterial blooms on plankton diversity and composition, we analyzed data of cyanobacterial, eukaryotic phytoplankton, metazoan zooplankton, and physicochemical samples collected from 24 sites for four seasons in 2017 and 2018 from the large, shallow Lake Taihu. We found that cyanobacterial abundance significantly correlated with phytoplankton biomass, species richness, functional richness and evenness, and zooplankton biomass, Shannon's diversity, Simpson's evenness, and functional evenness and richness.

Effects of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide on immunity and apoptosis of the main immune organs in Muscovy duck reovirus-infected ducklings.

To investigate the effects of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide (HEP) on immunity in Muscovy duck reovirus (MDRV)-infected ducklings and explore its mechanism of action, an MDRV contact-infection model was established. Then, we investigated the influence of HEP on morphology of main immune organs in MDRV-infected ducklings by HE staining, while antioxidant capacity (T-AOC, MDA), serum protein levels (TP, ALB, GLO), complement levels (C, C) and antibody levels (IgA, IgM, IgG) were detected. Apoptotic indexes (apoptosisi rate and FAS-L) were also quantified by TUNEL method and immunohistochemical staining.

Muscovy duck reovirus promotes virus replication by inhibiting autophagy-lysosomal degradation pathway.

Autophagy plays a momentous role in cellular responses against pathogens. However, the influence of the autophagy machinery on Muscovy duck reovirus (MDRV) infection is not yet confirmed. In this study, it was shown that MDRV infection significantly increased the number of autophagy-like vesicles in DF-1 cells under electron microscope and the LC3-I/LC3-II conversion, which was considered important indicators of autophagy.

Continental diatom biodiversity discovery and description in China: 1848 through 2019.

In this paper we inventory the continental diatom taxa described from inland waters in China, from the first species descriptions dating back to 1848 through 2019. China's geography and hydrography are complex, including the world's highest mountains, many large rivers, salty lakes, and large karst regions. From this area, a total of 1128 taxa have been described from China over this time period.