The Effect of Ketoconazole and Quinestrol Combination on Reproductive Physiology in Male Mice.

This study investigates whether ketoconazole, a CYP3A4 inhibitor, can enhance the suppressive effects of quinestrol on reproductive capacity, potentially allowing for a reduced quinestrol dosage while maintaining its efficacy. A total of 104 healthy adult male mice were divided into two groups, assessed at 10 and 30 days. Within each group, six treatment categories were tested: the control (CK), quinestrol alone (Q1, Q5), and quinestrol combined with varying doses of ketoconazole (Q1 + K0.

Multiple time delay induced Hopf bifurcation of a cortex - basal ganglia model for Parkinson's Disease.

Exploring the origin of beta - band oscillation in the cortex - basal ganglia model plays an important role in understanding the mechanism of Parkinson's disease. In this paper, we investigate the effect of three synaptic transmission time delays in the subthalamic nucleus(STN) - the globus pallidus external segment(GPe) loop, the excitatory neurons in the cortex(EXN) - the inhibitory neurons in the cortex(INN) loop and EXN - STN loop on critical conditions of occurrence of beta - band oscillation through Hopf bifurcation theory including linear stability analysis, center manifold theorem and normal form analysis. Our results reveal that suitable transmission time delay can induce beta - band oscillation through Hopf bifurcation, and the critical condition under which Hopf bifurcation occurs is more sensitive to the transmission time delay in EXN - STN loop , where if , beta - band oscillation always occurs for any transmission time delay in STN - GPe, EXN - INN loops.

Responses in organs, sperm, steroid hormones and CYP450 enzyme in male mice treated by quinestrol only or in conjunction with clarithromycin.

Pest rodents persistently undermine crop yields and food security. Fertility control could be a viable alternative for managing rodent populations. This study investigates the antifertility effects of various concentrations of clarithromycin combined with 1.

Tunable Luminescent Properties and Multifunctional Imaging Applications of (GdR)OS:Tb (R = Y, La) Phosphor and Screen.

GdOS:Tb phosphor screens are widely used in image intensifiers, computed tomography, and neutron imaging. To improve the luminescent properties and thermal stability, (GdR)OS:Tb (R = Y, La) ( = 0, 0.05, 0.

The special adaptation to hypoxia facilitated the expansion of the Asian house rat (Rattus tanezumi) into Tibet but not other Rattus species.

Rattus species are thought to live only at altitudes less than 2500 m, but the Asian house rat (R. tanezumi) (RT) has recently expanded to altitudes greater than 3500 m in China. Other Rattus species, especially brown rats (R.

Study on mechanical properties and acoustic emission characteristics of deep diorite under uniaxial compression.

The research object is diorite in the Lingbei TBM section of the Hanjiang-To-Weihe River Qinling tunnel, with a buried depth of over 1 km. Using MTS-2000 microcomputer-controlled electro-hydraulic servo universal testing machine and DS5-16b acoustic emission (AE) monitoring system, uniaxial compression and acoustic emission monitoring tests were carried out on rock samples, to study the uniaxial compression mechanical properties and acoustic emission characteristics of the deep diorite. The results of the study indicate that: (1) During uniaxial compression, diorite undergoes four stages: initial compaction, elasticity, yield and failure, in which the curve of the initial compaction stage is significantly smoother.

Research Progress on the Effects of Support and Support Modification on the FTO Reaction Performance of Fe-Based Catalysts.

In recent years, the non-petroleum production of light olefins has been the research focus of Fischer-Tropsch olefin synthesis (FTO). Iron-based catalysts have attracted much attention because of their low price, high catalytic activity, and wide temperature range. In this paper, traditional modification, hydrophobic modification, and amphiphobic modification of the catalyst are summarized and analyzed.

Recent Progress in Using Mesoporous Carbon Materials as Catalyst Support for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells.

Developing durable oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalysts is essential to step up the large-scale applications of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Traditional ORR electrocatalysts provide satisfactory activity, yet their poor durability limits the long-term applications of PEMFCs. Porous carbon used as catalyst support in Pt/C is vulnerable to oxidation under high potential conditions, leading to Pt nanoparticle dissolution and carbon corrosion.

An efficient 3D cell-based discrete fracture-matrix flow model for digitally captured fracture networks.

Complex hydraulic fracture networks are critical for enhancing permeability in unconventional reservoirs and mining industries. However, accurately simulating the fluid flow in realistic fracture networks (compared to the statistical fracture networks) is still challenging due to the fracture complexity and computational burden. This work proposes a simple yet efficient numerical framework for the flow simulation in fractured porous media obtained by 3D high-resolution images, aiming at both computational accuracy and efficiency.

Instability of Liquid Film with Odd Viscosity over a Non-Uniformly Heated and Corrugated Substrate.

The effect of odd viscosity on the instability of liquid film along a wavy inclined bottom with linear temperature variation is investigated. By utilizing the long-wave approximation, the non-linear evolution equation of the free surface is derived. By applying the normal mode method, the linear instability of thin film flow is investigated.

Effect of ionic liquids on the microstructure and combustion performance of Shengli lignite.

To ensure the safe transportation and efficient utilisation of lignite, it is important to inhibit its spontaneous combustion. In this study, Shengli lignite (SL) was used as the research object and ionic liquids (ILs) were used to pretreat the lignite to investigate their effect on the combustion performance of lignite. On this basis, the relationship between the structure and combustion performance of lignite with different structures (heat treatment, oxidation) after ILs treatment was investigated.

Adsorption mechanism of methylene blue by magnesium salt-modified lignite-based adsorbents.

The rich pore structure and carbon structure of lignite make it a suitable adsorbent for effectively removing methylene blue (MB) from wastewater. This article reports the preparation of lignite-based adsorbents modified by magnesium salts, and the key factors and adsorption mechanism are analyzed to effectively improve the adsorption performance for MB. The results showed that the lignite was modified by magnesium salts, and the Mg in the magnesium salts had a good binding effect on the oxygen-containing functional groups in the lignite.

Energy budgets of captive Chinese pangolins ().

The Chinese pangolin is an endangered species, and conservation and captive rescue are important conservation measures. This requires reliable information on nutritional energy requirements and expenditure characteristics. However, we lack sufficient knowledge of their energy physiology to determine their energy requirements for maintenance and growth.

Effect of Steam on Carbonation of CaO in Ca-Looping.

Ca-looping is an effective way to capture CO from coal-fired power plants. However, there are still issues that require further study. One of these issues is the effect of steam on the Ca-looping process.

Broadband Near-Infrared Luminescence in Garnet YGaMgSiO: Cr Phosphors.

Broadband near-infrared (NIR) phosphors are the critical component of phosphor converted NIR light-emitting diode (LED) light sources. However, there are still a lack of NIR phosphors with excellent external quantum efficiency (EQE) and thermal stability. Here, we report a highly efficient broadband NIR phosphor YGaMgSiO: Cr.

Ruthenium ion catalytic oxidation depolymerization of lignite under ultra-low dosage of RuCl catalyst and separation of the organic products with inorganic salts.

Depolymerization of lignite into valuable chemicals ruthenium ion catalytic oxidation (RICO) is a potential route for the non-energy utilization of lignite. However, the high cost of the Ru catalyst during depolymerization and the high content of inorganic salts in the product solution limit the development of this route. In this work, RICO depolymerization of lignite was conducted under an ultra-low dosage of RuCl catalyst to decrease the usage of the catalyst during the RICO process.

Vocal signals with different social or non-social contexts in two wild rodent species (Mus caroli and Rattus losea).

The ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) of rodents play a substantial role in the communication and interaction between individuals; exhibit a high degree of complexity; and are influenced by a multitude of developmental, environmental, and phylogenetic factors. The functions of USVs are mainly studied in laboratory mice or rats. However, the behavioral relevance of USVs in wild rodents is poorly studied.

Enhancement of the frequency conversion film imaging effect based on a cascade material fusion method.

Frequency conversion imaging technology can provide an effective way for infrared detection against the limitations of conventional infrared detectors, such as expense and cooling requirements, but the converted luminescence intensity of frequency conversion materials limits the application of this technology. In this paper, a cascade material (CM) fusion method is proposed to improve the conversion luminous intensity and thus enhance the frequency conversion imaging effect at 1550 nm near infrared (NIR) excitation. First, we derived from the energy level transition mechanism of CM that the CM fusion method can achieve three excitations of substrate materials (SMs).

Towards fully ab initio simulation of atmospheric aerosol nucleation.

Atmospheric aerosol nucleation contributes to approximately half of the worldwide cloud condensation nuclei. Despite the importance of climate, detailed nucleation mechanisms are still poorly understood. Understanding aerosol nucleation dynamics is hindered by the nonreactivity of force fields (FFs) and high computational costs due to the rare event nature of aerosol nucleation.

Research on NCFCP compact broadband NIR detector imaging and energy transfer function.

Nonlinear crystal frequency conversion imaging with direct detection by silicon-based detectors is an effective way to break through the limitations for existing near-infrared (NIR) detectors with expensive cost and high noise. In this paper, a broadband NIR detector imaging scheme based on the principle of nonlinear crystal frequency conversion (NCFCP) was proposed. A thin film of nonlinear crystal frequency conversion material (NCFCM) combined with a silicon-based detector was used to form a broadband NIR detector.

Effect of the Iron Component on Microcrystalline Structure Evolution of Hydrochloric Acid-Demineralized Lignite during the Pyrolysis Process.

Hydrochloric acid-demineralized Shengli lignite (SL) and iron-added lignite (SL-Fe) were thermally degraded using a fixed-bed device to better understand the effect of the iron component on the microcrystalline structure transformation properties of lignite during the pyrolysis process. The primary gaseous products (CO, CO, H, and CH) were detected by pyrolysis-gas chromatography. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectra were adopted to analyze the microcrystalline structure of lignite and chars.

A novel and highly efficient Zr-containing catalyst supported by biomass-derived sodium carboxymethyl cellulose for hydrogenation of furfural.

Functional use of biomass based on its structural properties is an efficient approach for the valuable utilization of biomass resources. In this work, carboxymethyl cellulose zirconium-based catalyst (Zr-CMC) was constructed by the coordination between the carboxylic groups in sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na) with transition metal Zr. The prepared catalyst was applied into the synthesis of furfuryl alcohol (FAL) by catalytic transfer hydrogenation of biomass-derived furfural (FF) using isopropanol as hydrogen donor.

A Novel Tannic Acid-Based Carbon-Supported Cobalt Catalyst for Transfer Hydrogenation of Biomass Derived Ethyl Levulinate.

The catalytic conversion of ethyl levulinate (EL) to γ-valerolactone (GVL) is an important intermediate reaction in the conversion and utilization of biomass resources. The development of novel and efficient catalysts is significantly important for this reaction. In this work, using the biomass-derived tannic acid as carbon precursor and the transition metal cobalt as active component, a novel tannic acid carbon supported cobalt catalyst (Co/TAC) was prepared by pyrolysis and subsequent hydrazine hydrate reduction method.