Association of cigarette smoking with risk of colorectal cancer subtypes classified by gut microbiota.

Introduction: Both cigarette smoking and gut microbiota play important roles in colorectal carcinogenesis. We explored whether the association between smoking and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk varies by gut microbial enterotypes and how smoking-related enterotypes promote colorectal carcinogenesis.

Methods: A case-control study was conducted.

Gut Microbiota Enterotypes Mediate the Effects of Dietary Patterns on Colorectal Neoplasm Risk in a Chinese Population.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) risk is influenced by dietary patterns and gut microbiota enterotypes. However, the interaction between these factors remains unclear. This study examines this relationship, hypothesizing that different diets may affect colorectal tumor risk in individuals with varied gut microbiota enterotypes.

Large-scale, national, family-based epidemiological study on infection in China: the time to change practice for related disease prevention.

Background And Aims: Current practice on infection mostly focuses on individual-based care in the community, but family-based management has recently been suggested as a better strategy for infection control. However, the family-based infection status, risk factors and transmission pattern remain to be elucidated.

Methods: From September 2021 to December 2021, 10 735 families (31 098 individuals) were enrolled from 29 of 31 provinces in mainland China to examine family-based infection, related factors and transmission pattern.

Overexpression of YKL-40 Predicts Poor Prognosis in Patients Undergoing Curative Resection of Pancreatic Cancer.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic value of YKL-40 expression in patients undergoing curative resection of pancreatic cancer.

Methods: This cohort study included 234 consecutive patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma who underwent curative resection. Surgical specimens were immunohistochemically assessed for YKL-40 expression.

Questionnaire survey about use of an online appointment booking system in one large tertiary public hospital outpatient service center in China.

Background: As a part of nationwide healthcare reforms, the Chinese government launched web-based appointment systems (WAS) to provide a solution to problems around outpatient appointments and services. These have been in place in all Chinese public tertiary hospitals since 2009.

Methods: Questionnaires were collected from both patients and doctors in one large tertiary public hospital in Shanghai, China.

[The derivation and validation of a prediction rule for differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules].

Objective: To set up a prediction rule for the pro-operative differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules and evaluate its clinical value.

Methods: All patients of thyroid nodules underwent thyroid operations in Changzheng hospital from June, 1997 to July, 2012 were included in this study. They were randomly divided into the derivation cohort (2/3) and the validation cohort (1/3).

Factors influencing diagnosis of colorectal cancer: a hospital-based survey in China.

Objective: To investigate the diagnostic status of colorectal cancer (CRC) and the influence of early diagnosis and cancer stage in a tertiary care hospital in China.

Methods: Face-to-face interviews were conducted in 364 consecutive CRC patients who had never participated in CRC screening. Initial symptoms, diagnosis and treatment delay were determined using a questionnaire.

Gastro-protecting effect of gefarnate on chronic erosive gastritis with dyspeptic symptoms.

Background: The role of gastro-protecting agents on symptomatic chronic gastritis is unclear. This multicenter, open, randomized trial was designed to compare the comprehensive effects of gefarnate with sucralfate on erosive gastritis with dyspeptic symptoms.

Methods: Totally 253 dyspepsia patients confirmed with erosive gastritis were enrolled from six centers in China.

[Estimation on tolerance limits and tolerance interval regarding the disease incubation].

To estimate the tolerance limit and the tolerance interval of disease incubation, under the theory that the observations (samples) were subject to Poisson distribution, the tolerance limits and tolerance interval of disease incubation were calculated based on beta-distribution with integer parameter. Expressions on the relation were obtained, including the statistics on tolerance limits of both minimum and maximum orders while the tolerance was the difference between minimum and maximum order statistics and the parameters of Poisson distribution on the sample size. Using the incomplete observations as an example, reasonable unit of sample size was considered and chosen.

Derivation and validation of a prediction rule for estimating advanced colorectal neoplasm risk in average-risk Chinese.

No prediction rule is currently available for advanced colorectal neoplasms, defined as invasive cancer, an adenoma of 10 mm or more, a villous adenoma, or an adenoma with high-grade dysplasia, in average-risk Chinese. In this study between 2006 and 2008, a total of 7,541 average-risk Chinese persons aged 40 years or older who had complete colonoscopy were included. The derivation and validation cohorts consisted of 5,229 and 2,312 persons, respectively.

Body mass index increases risk for colorectal adenomas based on meta-analysis.

Background & Aims: There have been inconsistent results published about the relationship between excess body weight, expressed as increased body mass index (BMI), and risk of colorectal adenoma (CRA). We conducted a meta-analysis to explore this relationship. We focused on whether the relationship varied based on the sex of the study subjects, study design, features of the polyps, or potential confounders, including alcohol use, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use, smoking, and exercise.

Adiponectin levels in patients with colorectal cancer and adenoma: a meta-analysis.

Inconsistent results with regard to adiponectin levels in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and adenoma have been reported. To evaluate adiponectin levels in patients with CRC and adenoma, a meta-analysis on studies which compared adiponectin levels in patients with CRC or adenoma with healthy controls was carried out. A literature search was performed through Pubmed, EMBASE, and Science Citation Index Expanded database.

Colorectal cancer screening behavior and willingness: an outpatient survey in China.

Aim: To identity the factors influencing colorectal cancer (CRC) screening behavior and willingness among Chinese outpatients.

Methods: An outpatient-based face-to-face survey was conducted from August 18 to September 7, 2010 in Changhai Hospital. A total of 1200 consecutive patients aged ≥ 18 years were recruited for interview.

High expression of delta-like ligand 4 predicts poor prognosis after curative resection for pancreatic cancer.

Background: Delta-like ligand 4 (DLL4)-Notch signaling plays a key role in tumor angiogenesis, but its prognostic value in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains unclear. Our aim was to determine whether high DLL4 expression is correlated with poor prognosis after curative resection for PDAC.

Methods: Surgical specimens obtained from 89 patients with PDAC were immunohistochemically assessed for DLL4 and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) expression.

[Factors influencing patient compliance in colorectal cancer screening: qualitative research synthesis].

Objective: To systematically collect and analyze the influencing factors of patient compliance with colorectal cancer screening in qualitative studies so as to provide a theoretical basis for improving compliance.

Methods: The databases of Pubmed, EMbase, CBMdisc, CNKI and VIP and the relevant articles were searched. According to the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, the qualitative studies of the influencing factors of patient compliance with screening were included.

A prediction rule for estimating pancreatic cancer risk in chronic pancreatitis patients with focal pancreatic mass lesions with prior negative EUS-FNA cytology.

Objective: Considerable false-negative endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) findings exist in chronic pancreatitis patients with focal pancreatic mass lesions. Our aim was to develop a prediction rule to stratify risk for pancreatic cancer in chronic pancreatitis patients with focal pancreatic mass lesions with prior negative EUS-FNA cytology.

Material And Methods: A total of 138 eligible consecutive patients were identified from three hospitals between January 2000 and May 2008.

Influence of meteorological factors and air pollution on the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome.

Objectives: To understand the association between the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and meteorological factors and air pollution.

Study Design: An ecological study was conducted.

Methods: Three hundred and fifty primary probable SARS cases diagnosed in mainland China between 1 January and 31 May 2003, and their 6727 close contacts during the period of their clinical symptoms before admission, were included in this study.

Refined estimate of the incubation period of severe acute respiratory syndrome and related influencing factors.

Many epidemiologists have agreed that a refined estimate of the incubation period of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) would need a sample size of about 200 cases and appropriate statistical methods enabling the inclusion of cases with defined periods of exposure. However, no such studies have been reported so far. Besides, determinants of the SARS incubation period remain unclear.

[To develop a model on severe acute respiratory syndrome epidemics to quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of intervention measures].

Objective: To build an epidemic model of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) to be used to quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of intervention measures.

Methods: Following the nature of SARS epidemics, an epidemic model of SARS based on SEIR model of infectious disease was built, in which case management group was set up and some parameters related to control measures were included. As an example, data gathered from Beijing was fitted to illustrate its application to quantitatively evaluate the intervention measures.

Putative caveolin-binding sites in SARS-CoV proteins.

Aim: To obtain the information of protein-protein interaction between the SARS-CoV proteins and caveolin-1, identify the possible caveolin-binding sites in SARS-CoV proteins.

Methods: On the basis of three related caveolin-binding motifs, amino acid motif search was employed to predict the possible caveolin-1 related interaction domains in the SARS-CoV proteins. The molecular modeling and docking simulation methods were used to confirm the interaction between caveolin-1 and SARS-CoV proteins.