Rapamycin protects against gentamicin-induced acute kidney injury via autophagy in mini-pig models.

Gentamicin may cause acute kidney injury. The pathogenesis of gentamicin nephrotoxicity is unclear. Autophagy is a highly conserved physiological process involved in removing damaged or aged biological macromolecules and organelles from the cytoplasm.

Using Next-Generation Sequencing to Identify a Mutation in Human MCSU that is Responsible for Type II Xanthinuria.

Background: Hypouricemia is caused by various diseases and disorders, such as hepatic failure, Fanconi renotubular syndrome, nutritional deficiencies and genetic defects. Genetic defects of the molybdoflavoprotein enzymes induce hypouricemia and xanthinuria. Here, we identified a patient whose plasma and urine uric acid levels were both extremely low and aimed to identify the pathogenic gene and verify its mechanism.

Molecular cloning and transgenic characterization of the genes encoding chalcone synthase and chalcone isomerase from the Tibetan herbal plant Mirabilis himalaica.

Mirabilis himalaica is an endangered medicinal plant species in the Tibetan Plateau. The two genes respectively encoding chalcone synthase (MhCHS) and chalcone isomerase (MhCHI) were isolated and characterized from M. himalaica.

High Concentrations of Uric Acid Inhibit Endothelial Cell Migration via miR-663 Which Regulates Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog by Targeting Transforming Growth Factor-β1.

Background: Whether microRNAs participate in endothelial dysfunction HUA remains unknown. A previous study indicated that miR-663 was the most significantly differentially expressed endothelial microRNA under HUA conditions. Some studies have demonstrated that the miR-663 target gene and TGF-β1, promoted endothelial cell migration by inhibiting PTEN deleted on chromosome 10.

The role of tumor suppressor gene SOX11 in prostate cancer.

SOX genes play an important role in a number of developmental processes. The transcription factor SOX11 is one of the members of the SOX family emerging as important transcriptional regulators. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of SOX11 in prostate cancer (PCa) and its expression pattern and clinical significance.

All-trans-retinoic acid inhibits chondrogenesis of rat embryo hindlimb bud mesenchymal cells by downregulating p53 expression.

Despite the well-established role of all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) in congenital clubfoot (CCF)-like deformities in in vivo models, the essential cellular and molecular targets and the signaling mechanisms for ATRA-induced CCF-like deformities remain to be elucidated. Recent studies have demonstrated that p53 and p21, expressed in the hindlimb bud mesenchyme, regulate cellular proliferation and differentiation, contributing to a significant proportion of embryonic CCF-like abnormalities. The objective of the present study was to investigate the mechanisms for ATRA-induced CCF, by assessing ATRA-regulated chondrogenesis in rat embryo hindlimb bud mesenchymal cells (rEHBMCs) in vitro.

CXCL10 expression induced by Mxi1 inactivation induces mesangial cell apoptosis in mouse Habu nephritis.

MAX interactor 1 (Mxi1) proteins are c-myc antagonists that primarily exert their biological functions by inhibiting Myc-dependent gene transcription. In this study, Mxi1(-/-) mice were used to generate a model of mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis for the first time. In the present study, we demonstrated that Mxi1(-/-) mice exhibited a more typical and severe pathological phenotype, which was displayed primarily as a noticeable dissolution phenotype with a higher proportion of apoptotic cells and higher chemokine CXCL10 expression during the early days of modeling, compared with wild-type mice.

Gas phase chemistry of N-benzylbenzamides with silver(I) cations: characterization of benzylsilver cation.

The benzylsilver cation which emerges from the collisional dissociation of silver(I)-N-benzylbenzamide complexes was characterized by deuterium-labeling experiments, theoretical calculations, breakdown curves and substituent effects. The nucleophilic attack of the carbonyl oxygen on an α-hydrogen results in the generation of the benzylsilver cation, which is competitive to the AgH loss with the α-hydrogen.

Effects of Biejia Ruangan Tablet-containing serum on matrix metalloproteinase-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 expression in cultured renal interstitial fibroblasts.

Objective: To investigate the effects of Biejia Ruangan Tablet ([symbol in text], BRT)-containing serum on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP-1) in cultured renal interstitial fibroblasts.

Methods: Different BRT-containing sera were prepared by gastric gavages to rats with the high-dose (7 g/kg), mid-dose (3.5 g/kg), and low-dose (1.

Podocytes protect glomerular endothelial cells from hypoxic injury via deSUMOylation of HIF-1α signaling.

Hypoxia can cause severe tubulointerstitial injury and peritubular capillary loss. However, hypoxia-induced injury in glomerular capillaries is far milder than tubulointerstitium, but the reason for this difference is unclear. We hypothesized that the phenomenon is due to the protective crosstalk among intrinsic glomerular cells.

Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma reduces oxidative stress caused by hyperuricemia via upregulation of catalase.

Background/aims: Reports have suggested that the traditional Chinese medicine Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma attenuates hyperuricemia, but its mechanism is unclear. Our previous study demonstrated that uric acid could induce the generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS), which subsequently cause endothelial dysfunction. Therefore, we focused on the oxidative stress process.

[Analysis of photosynthetic characteristics and its influencing factors of medicinal plant Mirabilis himalaica].

To study photosynthetic characteristics and its influencing factors in leaves of medicinal plant Mirabilis himalaica, and provide an evidence for guiding artificial planting and improving the quantity. The light-response and diurnal photosynthesis course of leaves at the booting stages of 1-3 year old M. himalaica were measured with LI-6400 system.

All-trans-retinoid acid (ATRA) suppresses chondrogenesis of rat primary hind limb bud mesenchymal cells by downregulating p63 and cartilage-specific molecules.

P63 null mice have no or truncated limbs and mutations in human p63 cause several skeletal syndromes that also show limb and digit abnormalities, suggesting its essential role in bone development. In the current study, we investigated the effect of ATRA on chondrogenesis using mesenchymal cells from rat hind limb bud and further examined the mRNA and protein expression of Sox9 and Col2a1 and p63 in rat hind limb bud cells. Limb buds were isolated from embryos from euthanized female rats.

[Effect of respiratory movement on cone beam computed tomography images].

To investigate the impact of respiratory movement to determine the target volume on cone beam CT (CBCT) for lung tumor, we used CIRS dynamic thorax phantom (Model-CIRS008) to simulate the sinusoidal motion of lung tumor. With a constant amplitude, the ratio of the time of near-end-expiratory and near-end-inspiratory (E/I) changed when it was scanned with CBCT. We analyzed the contrast changes of target by extracting the CT value of each pixel on the center line of the target movement direction.

Long-term follow-up on the effects of sigmoid-rectal pouch for urinary diversion.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term clinical effects of sigmoidrectal pouch for urinary diversion.

Materials And Methods: A total of 45 patients, including 40 males and 5 females, underwent sigmoid-rectal pouch procedure. The patients aged from 38 to 70 years with a mean age of 59 years.

Mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury via the activation of M2 macrophages.

Introduction: The mortality of rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is still high, as there is no effective therapy. It has been shown that bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can induce M2 macrophages, which mediate MSC protection in other experimental inflammation-related organ injury. This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of macrophage activation in MSC therapy of rhabdomyolysis-induced AKI.

De novo assembly and transcriptome characterization: novel insights into the natural resistance mechanisms of Microtus fortis against Schistosoma japonicum.

Background: Microtus fortis is a non-permissive host of Schistosoma japonicum. It has natural resistance against schistosomes, although the precise resistance mechanisms remain unclear. The paucity of genetic information for M.

[Effect of urinary Tamm-horsfall protein concentration changes under centrifugation and its association with urolithiasis formation in rats].

Objective: To explore the concentration changes of Tamm-Horsefall protein (THP) under centrifugation in rat urine and discuss its association with urolithiasis formation.

Methods: A total of 40 Wistar rats were divided randomly into 4 groups of flying with stone (A), flying without stone (B), stone without flying (C) and control (D). After centrifugation, the THP concentrations of each group were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Effects of Microtus fortis lymphocytes on Schistosoma japonicum in a bone marrow transplantation model.

Microtus fortis is a non-permissive host for Schistosoma japonicum. While M. fortis lymphocytes are known to provide natural resistance against S.

miR-34a regulates mesangial cell proliferation via the PDGFR-β/Ras-MAPK signaling pathway.

The main pathological characteristic of glomerulonephritis is diffuse mesangial cell proliferation. MiR-34a is associated with the proliferation of various organs and cancer cells. However, the role of miR-34a in renal proliferation diseases is not clear.

Na+/H+ exchanger-1 reduces podocyte injury caused by endoplasmic reticulum stress via autophagy activation.

Podocyte injury has a critical role in the pathogenesis of proteinuria. Induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is thought to lead to podocyte injury; however, no effective strategy for reducing ER stress-induced injury has been identified. We investigated specific mechanisms for reducing podocyte injury caused by ER stress.

ALDR enhanced endothelial injury in hyperuricemia screened using SILAC.

Background: The exact etiology of hyperuricemia-induced endothelial injury remains ill-defined. To elucidate the mechanism that leads to endothelial injury in hyperuricemia, we investigated proteins expressed in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) cultured with high concentrations of uric acid (HUA) in vitro.

Methods: We used stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) combined with LC-MS/MS analysis to compare proteins expressed in HUVECs cultured in media with or without HUA.

AMPK-mediated downregulation of connexin43 and premature senescence of mesangial cells under high-glucose conditions.

Diabetic nephropathy is associated with premature senescence. Our previous study showed that glomerular mesangial cells (GMCs) appeared to take on senescent phenotypes under high-glucose conditions in conjunction with the downregulation of connexin43 (Cx43). In this study, we investigated whether AMPK-mediated Cx43 expression and premature senescence in diabetic nephropathy are associated with mTOR activation.

Combining the power of stories and the power of numbers: mixed methods research and mixed studies reviews.

This article provides an overview of mixed methods research and mixed studies reviews. These two approaches are used to combine the strengths of quantitative and qualitative methods and to compensate for their respective limitations. This article is structured in three main parts.