Modeling daily evapotranspiration time series based on Non-Linear Autoregressive Exogenous (NARX) method and climate variables for a data-deficient region.

For flood-prone, developing nations where hydrological data is scarce, an innovative methodological approach is essential. This study aims to explore the potentiality of modelling daily evapotranspiration time series by checking causal relationship among the available climate variables in a flood-prone, data-deficient region like Samar in the Philippines. First, to verify if the available variables (rainfall, air pressure and the four (4) Niño Sea Surface Temperature (SST) Indices) have direct effects to evapotranspiration, a causality test called Convergent Cross-Mapping (CCM) was used.

Rationally Designed Cell Membrane Biomimetic Biosensing Platform for the Binding Analysis of Drugs with Intracellular Kinase Domain of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor.

Biosensing technologies have demonstrated significant potential in exploring the binding of drugs to receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). As a typical transmembrane receptor, there are still several shortcomings in the utilization of the intracellular kinase domain of RTKs, the primary action site of small-molecule inhibitors, resulting in insufficient binding and unclear action sites, which impair the efficiency and accuracy of biosensing. Herein, using epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) as an example, we reported a biosensing platform based on cell membrane camouflage technology for evaluating drugs binding to the intracellular kinase domain of EGFR.

From laboratory to field: cross-domain few-shot learning for crop disease identification in the field.

Few-shot learning (FSL) methods have made remarkable progress in the field of plant disease recognition, especially in scenarios with limited available samples. However, current FSL approaches are usually limited to a restrictive setting where base classes and novel classes come from the same domain such as PlantVillage. Consequently, when the model is generalized to new domains (field disease datasets), its performance drops sharply.

Estimation of potato canopy leaf water content in various growth stages using UAV hyperspectral remote sensing and machine learning.

To ensure national food security amidst severe water shortages, agricultural irrigation must be reduced through scientific innovation and technological progress. Efficient monitoring is essential for achieving water-saving irrigation and ensuring the sustainable development of agriculture. UAV hyperspectral remote sensing has demonstrated significant potential in monitoring large-scale crop leaf water content (LWC).

Synergistic Treatment Approach for Pulmonary Fibrosis: Prednisone and Cyclophosphamide Regulation of Circular RNA MORF4L1 and MicroRNA-29a-3p Targeting BRD4.

This study aimed to explore the effect of prednisone (PDN) combined with cyclophosphamide (CTX) on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis (PF) in rats via circular RNA mortality factor 4 like 1 (MORF4L1)/microRNA (miR)-29a-3p/Bromodomain protein 4 (BRD4) axis. A rat model of PF was induced by bleomycin and treated with PDN combined with CTX, and the lentiviral vectors that interfered with MORF4L1, miR-29a-3p, or BRD4 expression were injected into the tail vein at the same time. The mRNA expressions of MORF4L1, miR-29a-3p, BRD4, and fibrosis-associated proteins including fibronectin, connective tissue growth factor, and collagen I were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.

A multi-source domain feature adaptation network for potato disease recognition in field environment.

Accurate identification of potato diseases is crucial for reducing yield losses. To address the issue of low recognition accuracy caused by the mismatch between target domain and source domain due to insufficient samples, the effectiveness of Multi-Source Unsupervised Domain Adaptation (MUDA) method in disease identification is explored. A Multi-Source Domain Feature Adaptation Network (MDFAN) is proposed, employing a two-stage alignment strategy.

Enhancement of livestock wastewater treatment by a novel wooden-modified biocarrier.

Intensive livestock wastewater poses threat to ecosystem. A novel wooden-modified biocarrier was applied in this study to enhance the livestock wastewater treatment in anoxic-aerobic systems. Compared to the ordinary polyethylene (PE) biocarrier, the novel wooden-modified biocarrier improved the biomass owing to its rough surface and porous side wall, and had better nitrogen removal ability.

Biomimetic heat-localized and solar absorption-enhanced hollow structural nanofibrous membrane for clean water production from saline water and dye wastewater.

The rational design of material structures can be an effective approach to enhance the performance of solar-driven clean water production. In this study, a hollow structural nanofibrous membrane was developed by mimicking the hollow structure of polar bear hair using coaxial electrospinning. The shell layer consisted of carbon nanoparticles (C NPs) decorated CuO nanosheets (C@CuO), that exhibited photothermal conversion capacity.

Effects of a novel sawdust-modified carrier on performance, bioaccumulation and microbial community of sequencing batch reactor.

The impact of a novel sawdust-modified carrier on the performance of aerobic sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was examined. Compared with the conventional polyethylene (PE) carrier, the sawdust-modified carrier had coarse surface and porous side wall, which was beneficial for the rapid formation of biofilm. The biomass of sawdust-modified carrier was 3.

Asymmetrically Wettable, PET/PA6, Hollow, Segmented-Pie, Microfiber Nonwovens for a Synthetic Leather Base.

PET/PA6, hollow, segmented-pie, microfiber nonwovens (PET/PA6 HSMNs) play an important role in a microfiber, synthetic leather base. Most of the current PET/PA6 HSMNs generally lack in hygiene performance. Moreover, there is an urgent need for the asymmetric wettability of PET/PA6 HSMNs to ensure the comfort of clothing.

Novel Biomimetic "Spider Web" Robust, Super-Contractile Liquid Crystal Elastomer Active Yarn Soft Actuator.

In nature, spider web is an interwoven network with high stability and elasticity from silk threads secreted by spider. Inspired by the structure of spider webs, light-driven liquid crystal elastomer (LCE) active yarn is designed with super-contractile and robust weavability. Herein, a novel biomimetic gold nanorods (AuNRs) @LCE yarn soft actuator with hierarchical structure is fabricated by a facile electrospinning and subsequent photocrosslinking strategies.

Few-shot disease recognition algorithm based on supervised contrastive learning.

Diseases cause crop yield reduction and quality decline, which has a great impact on agricultural production. Plant disease recognition based on computer vision can help farmers quickly and accurately recognize diseases. However, the occurrence of diseases is random and the collection cost is very high.

Novel flocking materials as biocarriers in moving bed biofilm reactor for improving simultaneous nitrification and denitrification performance.

Biocarrier is the key factor for the stable operation of moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR). To achieve efficient simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND), this study provided novel flocking materials as biocarriers. The biofilm formation experiment showed that longer flocking carrier was more conducive to biomass accumulation, resulting in greater oxygen uptake rate.

Simultaneous denitrification enhancement and sludge reduction based on novel suspended carrier modified using activated carbon and magnetite at low carbon/nitrogen ratio.

A novel suspended carrier was prepared by sticking activated carbon (AC) and magnetite (FeO) onto polypropylene slices. Although this carrier could not reverse the decreased denitrification capacity trends under anoxic conditions at an influent carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio of 2, it enhanced denitrification by stimulating sludge reduction and accelerating electron transfer to certain extent. The carrier stuck by mixed AC/FeO exhibited better performance in terms of sludge reduction, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) secretion, and denitrification than that merely stuck by AC and FeO at an influent C/N ratio of 2.

Natural down fiber-reinforced and polypyrrole-modified silk fibroin composite aerogel for efficient solar steam generation toward seawater desalination and wastewater treatment.

Poor mechanical properties and low photothermal efficiency of silk fibroin (SF)-based aerogels are current challenges that need to be addressed. Herein, SF composite aerogel was developed to enhance the mechanical properties through physical interpenetration of natural down fiber (Df) and hydrogen bonds formed among SF, Df, and polypyrrole (PPy) and to improve the evaporation performance via in-situ polymerization of PPy. The resultant Df/PPy@SF aerogel showed significant improvement of compressive stress (194.

Use of magnetic powder to effectively improve the denitrification employing the activated sludge fermentation liquid as carbon source.

Nitrogen removal is often limited in municipal wastewater treatment due to the lack of sufficient carbon source. Utilizing volatile fatty acids (VFAs) from waste activated sludge (WAS) fermentation broth as a carbon source is an ideal alternative to reduce the cost for wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and improve denitrification efficiency simultaneously. In this study, an anaerobic system was applied for simultaneous denitrification and WAS fermentation and the addition of magnetic microparticles (MMP) were confirmed to enhance both denitrification and WAS fermentation.

The mesencephalic locomotor region recruits V2a reticulospinal neurons to drive forward locomotion in larval zebrafish.

The mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR) is a brain stem area whose stimulation triggers graded forward locomotion. How MLR neurons recruit downstream vsx2 (V2a) reticulospinal neurons (RSNs) is poorly understood. Here, to overcome this challenge, we uncovered the locus of MLR in transparent larval zebrafish and show that the MLR locus is distinct from the nucleus of the medial longitudinal fasciculus.

Hydrophilic Modification of Polyester/Polyamide 6 Hollow Segmented Pie Microfiber Nonwovens by UV/TiO/HO.

Polyester/polyamide 6 hollow segmented pie bicomponent spunbond hydro-entangled microfiber nonwovens (PET/PA6) with a microfilament structure have recently emerged in many markets around the world due to their green, high-strength, and lightweight properties. However, PET/PA6 is highly hydrophobic, which inhibits its large-scale application at present. In order to enhance the hydrophilic performance of PET/PA6, many methods have been applied, but the effects are not obvious.