Factors affecting exclusive breastfeeding practices among working-class women in Osun State, Nigeria.

Breastfeeding has been accepted as the most vital intervention for reducing infant mortality and ensuring optimal growth and development of children. However, studies on the factors affecting exclusive breastfeeding, especially, among working-class women are sparse. This study determined the factors affecting exclusive breastfeeding among working-class women in Osun state.

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mother and child health in Sub-Saharan Africa - a review.

Prior to the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there was a decrease in the maternal mortality rate in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) by 38%. This corresponds to a decline of 2.9% on average each year.

Factors Affecting Anemia in Pregnancy Women in Ibeju-Lekki, Lagos State, Nigeria.

Anemia progresses due to low red blood cells counts or hemoglobin. The World Health Organization (WHO) has suggested the condition to be a serious global public health problem that affects pregnant women worldwide. Anemic pregnant women may suffer post-partum hemorrhage, pre-term delivery, seizures, and severe cases of anemia that potentially lead to cardiac failure or death.

Novel sedentary cage induced sedentariness in rats: evidence from relevant biomarkers.

Background: Sedentary behavior or physical inactivity is considered a foremost contributor to the rise in obesity and overweight and a risk factor for several non-communicable diseases. However, its effect on the etiopathogenesis of some diseases is underestimated in both developed and developing countries worldwide. The present study designed a novel sedentary cage with a view to achieving sedentariness in rats, and also investigated the effectiveness of the cage in achieving sedentariness by assessing some markers of cardiometabolic risks in Wistar rats.

Polyphenol-rich extract of Ocimum gratissimum leaves prevented toxic effects of cyclophosphamide on the kidney function of Wistar rats.

Background: Cyclophosphamide (CP) is one of the potent and low cost chemotherapy used in clinical setting against a variety of tumors. However, its association with nephrotoxicity limits its therapeutic use. Ocimum gratissimum leaf is a medicinal plant with numerous pharmacological and therapeutic efficacies, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammation, and anti-apoptotic properties.

Evaluation of acrylamide exposure in pregnant Wistar rats as a risk of developing renal disease in their litters.

This study was designed at evaluating the acrylamide (ACR) exposure in pregnant Wistar rats as a risk of developing renal disease in their litters. Four groups of pregnant female rats were used. Group 1 control animals were given 2 ml/kg/day of distilled water.

Kolaviron Diminishes Diclofenac-Induced Liver and Kidney Toxicity in Wistar Rats Via Suppressing Inflammatory Events, Upregulating Antioxidant Defenses, and Improving Hematological Indices.

Diclofenac (DF) is widely used in the treatment of pain and fever. Despite it therapeutic benefits, it triggered hepatorenal injury. Thus, the present study investigated the protective roles of kolaviron (KV) against DF-induced hepatic and renal toxicity in rats.

Prevalence of early morning alcohol consumption among commercial motorcyclists and its health consequences in Ado Ekiti, Nigeria.

Background: Alcohol is classified among legal substances, but its excess consumption can result in road traffic accidents via impairing psychomotor activity and concentration. This study investigated the prevalence of early morning alcohol consumption and its health consequences among commercial motorcycle (Okada) riders in Ekiti State, Nigeria.

Methods: Systematic sampling technique was used to recruit subjects for this study.

Barium chloride dose-dependently induced heart and lung injury in Wistar rats.

Barium (Ba) is one of the environmental pollutant metals that incite deleterious effects on human health. The present study investigated the effects of exposure to different doses of barium chloride (BaCl ) on heart and lung of Wistar rats. Rats were exposed to BaCl at 150, 300, and 600 mg/L for seven consecutive days.

Effect of fatty acids from ethanol extract of Moringa oleifera seeds on kidney function impairment and oxidative stress induced by gentamicin in rats.

Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside drug, used for the treatment of Gram-negative bacterial infections. Despite its potency against bacterial infections, its clinical use is limited owing to nephrotoxicity effect. However, the study investigated the nephroprotective effect of fatty acids from ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera seeds (EEMOS) against gentamicin-induced kidney injury in rats.

Age-related changes in urinary protein excretion in relation to indices of renal function in Wistar rats.

Background: The study determined the fractions of proteins in the urine and plasma of rats at different ages, measured the plasma and urine concentrations of markers of renal function, with a view to determining the influence of proteinuria on renal function.

Methods: Eighty Wistar rats were used for this study. Groups 1 and 2 each consisted of eight 1-month-old male and female rats; 3 and 4 had eight 3-month-old male and female rats; 5 and 6 had eight 6-month-old male and female rats; 7 and 8 had eight 9-month old male and female rats; and 9 and 10 had eight 12-month-old male and female rats.

Protective Effects of Methanol Extract of (.) Leaf on Aspirin-Induced Gastric Ulceration and Oxidative Mucosal Damage in a Rat Model of Gastric Injury.

This study investigated the quantitative polyphenolic constituents and gastroprotective effects of methanol extract of leaf (MEVA) against aspirin-induced gastric ulcer in rats. Ulceration was induced by 3 days' oral administration of aspirin (150 mg/kg body weight). Wistar rats were pretreated with cimetidine (reference drug) at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight and MEVA at 200, 300, and 400 mg/kg body weight once daily for 28 days prior to ulcer induction.

Kolaviron attenuates diclofenac-induced nephrotoxicity in male Wistar rats.

The beneficial effects of kolaviron, a natural biflavonoid from the seeds of Garcinia kola, have been attributed to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This study was designed to investigate the renoprotective effect of kolaviron in rat model of diclofenac (DFC)-induced acute renal failure. Thirty-five male Wistar rats were divided into 7 groups of 5 rats each as follows: a control group that received propylene glycol orally and treatment groups that received DFC, DFC recovery, DFC followed by kolaviron at 3 different doses, and kolaviron only.

Polyphenol-rich extract of Ocimum gratissimum leaves ameliorates colitis via attenuating colonic mucosa injury and regulating pro-inflammatory cytokines production and oxidative stress.

Colitis is a chronic inflammation and ulcer on the inner lining of the large intestine. For many centuries Ocimum gratissimum (OG) leaves have been used in folk medicine in Nigeria to treat inflammatory bowel diseases, however, to date, the anti-colitis effects of OG have not been scientifically proven. In this study we investigated the effects of polyphenol rich extract of Ocimum gratissimum (PREOG) leaf on colonic mucosa injury in colitis, its mechanisms, initial administration time and dosage.

Combined but not single administration of vitamin C and l-carnitine ameliorates cisplatin-induced gastric mucosa damage in male rats.

Although cisplatin is a potent anticancer drug, it instigates oxidative and pro-inflammatory reactions that pose significant and distressing clinical symptoms. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of vitamin C and (or) l-carnitine on cisplatin-induced gastric mucosa damage in rat. The rats were allocated into 6 groups (n = 5).

Gastro-protective effect of methanol extract of (del.) leaf on aspirin-induced gastric ulcer in Wistar rats.

This study investigated the protective effects of methanol extract of leaf (MEVA) on aspirin induced gastric ulcer in rats. Thirty Wistar rats, 150-200 g were divided into six groups as follows: Group 1 (control) rats received 2 mL/kg of propylene glycol for 28 consecutive days. Group 2 (Ulcer Control) received 150 mg/kg/day of aspirin suspended in 3 mL of 1% carboxymethylcellulose in water orally for 3 consecutive days during which the rats were fasted for the induction of ulcer.

Protective Effect of Kolaviron on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Cardiac Toxicity in Rats.

Background: Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a nitrogen mustard alkylating drug used for the treatment of chronic and acute malignant lymphomas, myeloma, leukemia, neuroblastoma, adenocarcinoma, retinoblastoma, breast carcinoma, and immunosuppressive therapy. Despite its vast therapeutic uses, it is known to cause severe cardiac toxicity. Kolaviron (KV), a Garcinia kola seed extract containing a mixture of flavonoids, is reputed for its antioxidant and membrane stabilizing properties.

Combined Administration of l-Carnitine and Ascorbic Acid Ameliorates Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats.

Objectives: Cisplatin (CIS) is an effective antitumor drug. However, its clinical use is limited due to nephrotoxicity. l-Carnitine and vitamin C are both natural antioxidant that can be obtained from diets.

Effects of Treatment with Nauclea latifolia Root Decoction on Sexual Behavior and Reproductive Functions in Male Rabbits.

Nauclea latifolia is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of male reproductive diseases. Despite its vast uses, its effects on the male reproductive system have not been scientifically proven. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Nauclea latifolia root decoction on sexual behavior and functions in male rabbits.

The Garcinia kola biflavonoid kolaviron attenuates experimental hepatotoxicity induced by diclofenac.

This study sought to investigate the effects of kolaviron on diclofenac-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Sixty male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups of 10 rats each as follows: a control group that received oral propylene glycol and treatment groups that received diclofenac alone, diclofenac followed by Livolin Forte (a reference drug), or diclofenac followed by kolaviron at three different doses. At the end of the study period, five rats per group were sacrificed under ketamine hydrochloride anesthetic, 24h after treatment, while the other 5 rats in the group were allowed to recover for 2 weeks before being sacrificed.